The Inaugural Speech By Franklin D. Roosevelt - 1246 Words

Likewise with all speeches, there is a purpose behind it. In the event that it is a decent speech, there will bolster proof for its claims. At the point when contrasting three inaugural speeches given by Franklin D. Roosevelt, John F. Kennedy, and Barack Obama, we find that these chronicled moments accompanied a comparable basic purpose, which was to set an agenda for the fate of their presidency. President Roosevelt in his inaugural speech first realized the importance of his presidency, the speech and the US. He mentioned that the thing the US nation needs to fear is the fear itself. He further mentioned it as unreasoning, nameless and unjustified terror which constraints and paralyze the efforts needed to make retreat (Davis, 2014). The general purpose of the speech was to lead the nation to make advance against all the odds. The specific purpose of this speech was to communicate the agenda of presidency as this was the first speech by the president. The first inaugural was important because the US nation was at very difficult point, and this was due to crash of banking and financial markets occurred in 1929. This speech represents numerous excellent use of Rhetoric. His claim was that satisfaction is not reliant on money, and regardless of the financial circumstance that the nation was in they should figure out how to overcome it, as expressed in his speech. He has numerously used the word ‘we’ which patronizing tone to his speech. The assertion on the fears of people isShow MoreRelatedAmeric Essential American Document1356 Words   |  6 PagesThree stand out to me: Abraham Lincoln, Franklin D Roosevelt, and Susan B Anthony. Franklin D Roosevelt s â€Å"Four Freedoms† speech and â€Å"Request for Declaration of War on Japan†, Abraham Lincoln’s â€Å"Gettysburg Address† and â€Å"Second Inaugural Address†, and Susan B Anthony’s â€Å"Women’s Right to the Suffrage†. These five speeches changed America at the time to what we have and live by today. The first, of the five, is Franklin Delano Roosevelt s â€Å"Four Freedoms† speech. â€Å"In the future days, which we seek toRead MoreAmerican History : Essential American Documents1353 Words   |  6 PagesThree stand out to me: Abraham Lincoln, Franklin D Roosevelt, and Susan B Anthony. Franklin D Roosevelt s â€Å"Four Freedoms† speech and â€Å"Request for Declaration of War on Japan†, Abraham Lincoln’s â€Å"Gettysburg Address† and â€Å"Second Inaugural Address†, and Susan B Anthony’s â€Å"Women’s Right to the Suffrage†. These five speeches changed America at the time to what we have and live by today. The first, of the five, is Franklin Delano Roosevelt s â€Å"Four Freedoms† speech. â€Å"In the future days, which we seekRead MoreAmeric Essential American Document1356 Words   |  6 PagesThree stand out to me: Abraham Lincoln, Franklin D Roosevelt, and Susan B Anthony. Franklin D Roosevelt s â€Å"Four Freedoms† speech and â€Å"Request for Declaration of War on Japan†, Abraham Lincoln’s â€Å"Gettysburg Address† and â€Å"Second Inaugural Address†, and Susan B Anthony’s â€Å"Women’s Right to the Suffrage†. These five speeches changed America at the time to what we have and live by today. The first, of the five, is Franklin Delano Roosevelt s â€Å"Four Freedoms† speech. â€Å"In the future days, which we seek toRead MoreAnalysis of Franklin D Roosevelts First Inaugural Address Essay771 Words   |  4 PagesThe first inaugural address of Franklin D. Roosevelt was one that strove to lift the American people off their feet as the country entered some of its worst years during the Great Depression. One of Roosevelts strong advantages during his address was his ability to relate to the very real concerns of the everyday American citizens. With pressures of the failing economy facing the President-elect, he delivered this speech, addressing the nation about his plans for a New Deal. Roosevelt made his firstRead MoreFranklin Roosevelt (FDR) Essay850 Words   |  4 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s program of relief, recovery, and reform that aimed at solving the economic problems created by the Depre ssion of the 1930’s, was referred to as the New Deal. The Great Society was the name given to the domestic program of the U.S. president Lyndon B. Johnson. Both programs had similar yet opposing points. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Something had to be done about the banking system disintegration, andRead MoreEffects Of The Great Depression1329 Words   |  6 Pagesfailed over the next two years and nine million bank accounts disappeared. Hunger, unemployment, and poverty was a way of life for most Americans and workers lost their jobs. Almost thirteen million people became unemployed the year before Franklin D. Roosevelt took office. About two ­thirds of the people were living in poverty. A lot of families couldn’t afford things, causing consumer demand to decline. Families could no longer pay their rent and avoided purchasing things such as new clothing, newRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Franklin D. Roosevelt s Inauguration Speech1519 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis of Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Inauguration Speech October 24th 1929, Black Tuesday: The United States underwent the greatest economic downfall in American history. A decade long period in United States history known as the Great Depression. Fifteen million Americans went unemployed, half the country’s banks failed, and Wall Street lost billions of dollars. Devastated and hopeless, Americans searched for a resolution, a savior. In 1933, during the peak of the depression, Franklin Delano RooseveltRead MoreFranklin Roosevelt (FDR) Essay577 Words   |  3 Pagesthan his predecessors won the trust of millions of Americans who at one point had no hopes, and a future seemed unclear. His name was Franklin D. Roosevelt, a man whose willingness to build the economy of his country as the most powerful nation, brought admiration not only among his fellow American citizens, but the rest of the world’s. Franklin Delano Roosevelt was born on 1882 in Hyde Park, NY. Campobello, the Canadian Island which lies between Maine and Nova Scotia in the Bay of Fundy was theRead MorePresident Franklin D. Roosevelt And President Obama Essay1120 Words   |  5 Pagestakes office, it is the inauguration address that marks the beginning of their term. This formal speech marks the first time the President lays out his intentions as the leader of the country. The inaugural addresses often make promises to address the nations concerns and issues. Usually the addresses that have the greatest impact, are the ones most remembered. Consider President Franklin D. Roosevelt and President Barrack Obama, both of these Presidents gave strong inauguration addresses, howeverRead Moreap us history dbq1672 Words   |  7 PagesDepression EXCEPT: B.:-) He saw the Depression as akin to an act of nature, about which nothing could be done except to ride it out. 2.Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal program attempted or achieved all of the following EXCEPT C.:-) supported the creation of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation. 3.The â€Å"New Immigration† was made up primarily of D.:-) persons from Southern and Eastern Europe. 4.By â€Å"normalcy† President Warren G. Harding meant not only peace after the recent war but

Why Did I Choose Wuthering Heights Free Essays

1. WHY DID I CHOOSE THIS BOOK? Since I started to be interested in English literature, I had always heard about Wuthering Heights and Emily Brontà «. Everybody I met used to say that even thought it is a really complex novel, it is a must. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Did I Choose Wuthering Heights? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Likewise, I met many teachers whose devotion to this book was formidable; in terms of translation, literary criticism or just for the pleasure of reading, all of them coincided that it is a masterpiece. Due to all these facts, I looked for some information about it although it was useless, I could not understand the complicated plot just by means of an online summary, it was impossible. That is why I decided to buy this novel last summer. Even though I did not read it that summer, it was there, in my shelf, tantalizing me. Finally, I forgot it. In the early days of this semester, I discovered that for the new literature subject, we will have to choose a book and there it was, Wuthering Heights’ opportunity. Without any doubt, from the first moment, I knew that it would be my choice. Now, after reading and analyzing this classic, I can truly say that all its renown is worthy. So that, I do not regret about having chose this masterpiece. Moreover, if I have to write another ess ay, I will do it on Wuthering Heights again. 2. BIOGRAPHY OF THE AUTHOR Literature was in Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s blood. Emily was born in Yorkshire on July, 1818. She was the fifth child of Patrick Brontà «, an Irish priest, and Maria Branwell, poet and painter. Since Emily was a child, she used to enjoy reading and creating stories with her sisters. After many travels trough Europe, she discovered her own poetic talent. Joint with her sisters, Anne and Charlotte, they decided to publish a collection of their poetry in 1846. In order to evade all the problems that publishing a book being a woman provoked, they adopted pseudonyms but retaining the first letter of their fist names: Emily as Ellis Bell, Anne as Acton Bell and Charlotte as Currer Bell. Analyzing the style of our author, it is undeniable the influence of Wordsworth, Walter Scott and Byron on Emily’s poems. Of course, the fact that the three sisters were writers affected also her style. As a final point to Emily’s biography, I would like to make a connection with the next section, h er novel. Wuthering Heights was published almost a year before her death from tuberculosis at the age of thirty. 3. WUTHERING HEIGHTS: THE BOOK The context of this masterpiece takes us to the Victorian Age, and for a better understanding it should be convenient to understand the 19th-century fiction novels and the Victorian culture in which the novel was written and published. Novel became the most popular style in literature during the 19th-century in England. Most of the novels of the age were determined by the Gothic tradition, which marked these novels with the typical elements of the period such as a gloomy and ruined atmosphere or the supernatural. In the list of influenced novels, it is a must to mention, of course, Wuthering Heights and Jane Eyre by Charlotte Brontà «. Another issue to be taken into account is the Victorian’s archetypes. In culture, the Victorians were defined by their focussing in appearance and by leaving behind disagreeables topics. Social decorum had to be kept all the time. Published in 1847, Wuthering Heights was not a really welcome novel. Not too many readers gave an opportunity to the book. It was considered against the Victorian guidelines due to to its inappropriate plot. Even though the book’s narrative did not depicted any sexual nor blooded scenes, it was the topics of uncontrolled love and cruelty the ones which made the novel to be considered as disproportionated and improper for the age. However, after Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s death, the novel was reread and analyzed again by different generations of readers and that is when it started to be classified as a classic of the 19th century English literature. The storyline relates the life of Heathcliff, a mysterious character, from his childhood until his death. It is described his intense love with Catherine Earnshaw, her betrayal of h im and how his revenge perdures until the day of the narration. 4. CHARACTERS’ ANALYSIS In this section, the characters of the novel will be classified into different categories and analyzed. As a final part of the description, a brief interpretation of them will be added.4.1. The narratorsAs it is already known, Wuthering Heights is told by the use of multiple narrators. Although it is supposed to be the entire diary of Mr. Lockwood, it is interrupted by the use of reported speech by some characters, also the addition of written documents, such as Isabella’s letter or Catherine’s comments on her books. The embedded literature gives the reader a wide variety of opinions and points of view, although not all of them are believable. In this novel, we find two main narrators: Nelly Dean and Mr. Lockwood.Nelly Dean: As she grew up with Catherine Earnshaw and her brother, she is immersed in the story that she relates. In the time of the narration she is working as the housekeeper. As far a she is a passionate woman, her speech is infested of feelings. These feelings complicate her narration and sometimes they can alter it, that is the main reason why she is considered as an unreliable narrator in this novel. Mr. Lockwood: He started the story as a narrator, writing on his diary the moment when he arrived to Wuthering Heights. His narration conforms a complement to Nelly’s and both of them tell the plot of the book. Lockwood’s words are also considered as unreliable. The fact that he did not live the story from the beginning and his inexperience in love matters ensure that he is an untrustworthy narrator. All these facts are corroborated by Melissa Fegan, as she explains: The reader must wonder why Bronte deliberately constructed the narrative in such a way that the story is filtered through the two characters who seem least able to understand or empathize with it – two ‘unreliable’ narrators. An analysis of the characters of Nelly and Lockwood suggests we must look carefully at all the evidence they provide about other characters – and themselves -and fill in the gaps where their comprehension is at fault. The burden of interpretation lies firmly with the reader. (2008: 30).4.2. The first generationNotwithstanding the importance of the first generation, during the novel they do not play a crucial role, except from Joseph. So that, this section will be very concrete and straightforward. Mr and Mrs Earnshaw: They are the parents of Catherine and Hindley, the four of them live in Wuthering Heights. One day, Mr Earnshaw brought an orphan to love with them, Heathcliff. During the narration, it is undeniable Mr Earnshaw’ s preference for Heathcliff and the annoyance of Mrs Earnshaw. Mr and Mrs Linton: Thrushcross Grange’s owners and parents of Edgar and Isabella Linton. In the novel, they are depicted as well-mannered and wealthy people. They both raise up their children in good manners and as sophisticated people. After taking Catherine to their house, Mrs Linton tried to teach her as a refined young girl. Joseph: A servant at Wuthering Heights during the whole novel. Stevie Davies stated: He is a gnarled root of the novel’s authenticity. [†¦] He has always been there and he always will be, old as the hills, son of the Ancient of Days, with a mythic and timeless quality that does not conflict with his authenticity as a representative of the working class with its pride in hard graft and contempt for the affectations of gentility. (1994: 149).The importance of this character should not be underestimated. He has a strange power over the masters of Wuthering Heights.4.3. The second generationIn this section, the two principal characters will be presented: Catherine Earnshaw and Heathcliff. Even though Catherine and Heathcliff are the very principal, there are some others that also must be depicted for a better and correct understanding of the plot.Edgar Linton: He was Catherine’s husband. In the novel he is described as handsome, and young, and cheerful (Brontà «, 2012, p.84). These are the qualities why Catherine married him. Since he is a child, we can perceive his hate towards Heathcliff, as a response of the way he had been educated. In his personality we can feel a tendency to be cold and a strong feeling of unforgiving when his dignity is hurt. Isabella Linton: Edgar’s sister. She marries Heathcliff, but she didn’t evaluate it before. This act and some others show us the spirit of Isabella. She is a shallow minded and a bit foolish. I could say that she ruined her life by falling in love with Heathcliff. Finally, the horror of her relationship makes her to move out from Wuthering Heights. Hindley Earnshaw: He is Catherine’s brother. Since Heathcliff is brought to Wuthering Heights, Hindley tortures him due to the favoritism given by Mr Earnshaw towards Heathcliff. He abuses Heathcliff during the whole novel. He got married with Frances and had a son. The dead of this last one drives him into alcoholism and hopelessness. He is one of the personification of revenge and insanity in the novel. Heathcliff: An enigmatic and mysterious character since the beginning of the narration. An orphan child who is brought to Wuthering Heights by Mr Earnshaw. He fell in a profound love with Catherine, his â€Å"sister†, but she declined and married with Edgar. During the novel he is humiliated by almost everybody. Many critics coincide that: [Heathcliff]exemplifies the effects which a life of continued injustice and hard usage may produce on a naturally perverse, vindictive, and inexorable disposition. Carefully trained and kindly treated, the black gipsy-cub might possibly have been reared into a human being, but tyranny and ignorance made of him a mere demon. (Barker 1997, p. 203).As Baker states before and I completely agree, the behavior of Heathcliff was built up by all the characters who were evil with him. The truth is that it must be so difficult to be a kind person if everybody is hurting you. All this anger discharges in a final character, who is driven by rancor and during his adulthood looks for revenge. Catherine Earnshaw: The daughter of Mr and Mrs Earnshaw. She falls in a passionate love with Heathcliff, this love will determine all her life. She found herself reflected into Heathcliff, the fact that they grew up being together and together makes her think her that they belongs to each other, as it is in written in the book, [†¦]he’s more myself than I am. Whatever our souls are made of, his and mine are the same (p.87). Despite the fact that she loves him, her desire for social improvement and ambition made her to marry with Edgar Linton. Finally, this dispute between her wild love and her ambition brought misery to both of the men who loved her. How to cite Why Did I Choose Wuthering Heights?, Papers

Behavioral Economics Economics

Question: The assignment is as the following: Part a): Behavioral Economics Definition and Motivation: Define behavioral economics, behavioral biases, and counter-balancing strategies using Ross and/or Dan Lovallo Oliver Sibony terminology. Discuss the pros and cons that motivate corporations to be concerned about Behavioral Economics. Discuss positive and negative impacts on corporations of behavioral bias both on the part of CEO's as well as employees and unions by highlighting some examples. Similarly highlight pros and cons of corporations implementing counter-balancing strategies.?Part b): Strategic, Economic, Positioning Outcomes: Using 10-K or other validated financial, market share, or competitive positioning data, students will relate the outcome of behavioral bias and/or counter-balancing strategies to earnings per share in subsequent years using NPV and/or other economic indicators including changes in Financial Health, Cost of Capital, Capital Structure, and/or corporate Beta. As I read this section, I will reflect on the questions, are strategic impacts (e.g. bankruptcy/successful product launch/IPO; first-to-market successful product launch, market share gain/losses), economic outcomes (e.g. realized shareholder value gains/losses, financial ratio changes from five categories of financial health to include stock price, eps, dividends, etcetera), and competitive position (e.g. maintenance, improvement or loss in industry position) improved or deteriorated over the period being considered? Are the conclusions supported by the quantified evidence for the first corporation case? For the second corporation case? Answers: Part A Behavioral economics is defined as the principle that is used to boost participation on matters to do with the retirement saving plans. Behavioral limits have rationality that is useful to managers, when they want to understand the behavior of investors as well as when they want to exploit the stock price of organization. When the management on the other side is making decision that concerns the organization, they ought to keep away bias that may be taking place between them. The returns on invest will be high if biasness in the organizations behavior will be avoided at all costs. When business is avoided, the decisions will be made by the organization after analyzing the mistakes made. The right measure taken to ensure it is rectified as soon as possible to avoid negative effects to the organization. However, the source of bias behavior has been to be investigated and the management has the mandate to ensure that, behavioral bias no longer occurs again among them. Biasness can affec t the expertise of the management whereby, they are not in a good position of producing their best in their decision making process. According to Sibony Lovallo, the effective decision making biases are: Shaking up the visions view must be opposed in Pattern-Recognition biases. By identifying the hesitation, the Action- Oriented will be biased. In Stability Biases, offset when shifting things up. Making the Interest Biases obvious will make them disputed. Social Biases will be contradicted, when debate is depersonalizing. Usually, the human resources, the leverage, and the financial capital all joined to the supply chain of major enterprises in order to improve and develop the environmental and social accountabilities. For instance, civil and governments society always put pressure on major enterprises; enterprises are forced to function in complicated networks of supply chain relatives. However, it has to be in worldwide level, and tolerate with complex internal firms structures that are not responsive to decision- making procedures at all time. The behavioral economics is currently in the mainstream. It has moved beyond the neoclassical economic theory assumptions of a perfect rational market. The behavior economics is type of psychological, cognitive, emotional and social process that is linked with economic decision making procedure of the company. Behavioural economics explains why irrational decisions are taken and why the decision does not follow the economic models. Behavioral model has been typically integrated from neuroscience, micro economic and psychology theory. These behavior models include wide range of methods, fields and concepts. The study of behavioral economics involves how decisions are made in the market and how the public choice is influenced. There are three types of behavioral finances: Heuristics: Approximate rule of thumb decisions are taken by the customers instead of strict logical decisions. Framing: The mental emotional filters that are made by stereotypes and anecdotes of the customer depend upon understanding events. Market inefficiencies: The market inefficiencies involve non rational decision making and miss-pricing (Dequech, 2011). The behavioral biases are those errors or mistakes that occur by irrational mental process. Irrationality is common human behavioral habit that cannot be changed or avoided. The limited rationality can be defined as sequence of many emotional, cognitive biases. These also include unchecked heuristics, habits and reflexes. The psychology of customer minds shows that it sometimes driven away by the groups and society influences. It takes a contamination form and unable the customer to make rational analyses. Some examples of behavioral biases related to market anomalies are cognitive biases, emotional biases, and autopilot or reflexive biases. Cognitive biases further include: Individual biases that involve representativeness, anchoring, availability, unfounded beliefs, heuristic, memory flaws and logical fallacies and Collective biases that involves systematic dependence on social learning (Vesel and Klimov, 2014). Emotional biases further include: Individual biases that involve affect heuristic, loss aversion, hope and fear and over confidence and Collective biases involve herding and mimicry. Autopilot and reflexive biases that is beyond emotion and cognition include: Individual biases that involves addictions, habits, bad reflexes, compulsions and inertia and Collective biases involves taboos, rules and rites. Market anomalies involve mispricing, momentum, price clusters. The behavioral financing is recently emerging and it gives alternative approaches to classical finance definition of rational economy. The behavioral finance is concentrated towards cognitive and psychology science literatures to verify customer decision making that diverts from rational choices. Researchers have earlier focused on behavioral issues on investor biases, framing and heuristics effects. Counter balancing is defined as exposing individuals to various treatments of orders to make sure that such order effects and carry over effects gives equal experimental conditions (Medema, 2013). Rational thought is the best tactic that is employed in business to identify bias behavior, which is harmful to the organization at large (Kleas Wilkinson, 2012). The activities employees of a particular company indulge in are a way of bringing risks to their lives and health behavior comes out as a result. They are advised of ways of exercising their bodies to keep them fit for their jobs and have a reliable health at all time. When people are aware of the risk ahead they can easily take the right actions that will enable them to eat healthy meals and prevent diseases from attacking their bodies. Employees like the opportunity of enjoying all the meals that they need to eat but the problem is that too many options can overwhelm them leading to financial wastage on unnecessary things, which are of no benefit. When one wants to eat too much, he will end up spending too much on food whereas; the body requires up to a certain percentage of food intakes the rest is a waste. Employees ar e encouraged to have a good health through various encouragements but this does not necessarily mean that they will be healthy. Mark Hurd and Alan Mulally are the CEOs that will be debating their cases on how they have analogized the levels of behavioral biases and counter-balancing strategies. Presently, Mr. Hurd is Co-President, board member, and director ofOracle Corporation. From 2005 to 2010 Mark was the CEO of HP.2 Prior that Carly Fiorina was the CEO of HP; she was exiled because of her deficit while on duty. HP had several of financial dilemmas such as gaining profit of server and PCs market, which was an outcome of the essential decision for HP to buy Compaq, one of the computer manufacturers, in 2010. On the other hand, during the five years Hurd toke over Fiorinas position; a lot of development and have been made in HP. Purchasing EDS Electric Data Corp for $13 Billion, which made HP top IBM, was an important decisions (Takahashi 2010). Moreover, cutting of staffs salaries by 5%, and reducing workforce by 10%, then cutting 20% of his salary all of these are serious and affective changes (Essays, UK. 2013). Action oriented bias was implemented very well and effectively during the five years Mr. Hurd spend in HP. Therefore HPs performance was improved and back to c ompete progressively in the market in such short time. However, when speaking of the interest bias, we find out that HPs board has fired Mr. Hurd due to inappropriate use of HPs resources and lying about his personal relationship with a coworker. This decision taken by the board cost HP major losses billions of dollars in stock value, shareholders, and several lawsuits. After a deep investigations and going back and forth on why exactly the board fired Hurd the secret letter have leashed the truth and firing him was a valid decision. Hurd had done a lot of shaking up for HP, and there were mostly affective outcomes financially and hold a strong position among competitors in the market. A noticeable increase of HPs revenue occurs in 2005 going from 86,696 million to 126,033 million, as an example. In addition, in 2010 the net earnings per share became to $3.78 per share, which in the past before Hurd was in the picture the net earnings per share was $1. As shown in tables below: Yes, Mark clearly has been beneficial to HP and stability bias was countered by shaking every thing up as mentioned previously. HP compensation committee gave him a bonus and his salary increased as a reward. Jackson (2009) states that although H-P's performance has hit the wall in the past two years, Hurd's pay has dramatically increased. For 2008, Hurd's total compensation reached $43 million, whichmade him the fourth highest paid CEO in America for 2008. Hurd's total compensation increased 73% from his $25 million in 2007, even though H-P's stock price declined 29% in 2008. However, the result of getting Hurd out of HP after his relationship with fisher appeared in 2011, the earnings from operations have decreased by two billion dollars as well as 40 decreases in esp. from the previous year. Therefore, in order to keep the stock price up, increasing dividends per share was the best way as shown in the below table. The Ford Motor Companys CEO, Alan Mulally is the second case. William Ford grandson of Henry Ford was the CEO for ford but due to bankruptcy dilemma back then the Ford family decided on brining in new heritage to Ford. Since 2006 Mr. Mulally has changed a loft in ford and one of his primary rulings is to bring back the Taurus nameplate. He stated, I couldnt understand why the company previously has scrapped the Taurus, which had been one of the companys best sellers. Moreover, a major action Mulally have done was to make Ford to borrow $23.6 billion and having all of Fords assets to be mortgage. The main reason behind this is to protect the company from any crisis in the market or unforeseen occurrences. Everybody was surprised from his action, but now no one in the Ford family cannon give him credit for that, especially after automotive industry crisis happened in 2008-2009. Other competitors such as General Motor and Chrysler have asked the United State Congress and ask for governm ent loans, but Ford was financially stabled at the time. In addition, he encouraged and helped Ford to sell Jaguar and Land Rover for $2.3 billion to Tata-Motors and received $23 billion in debt with no regrets and better to focus on Ford products and brand. The losses for ford was decreased to 14.6 billion in 2008, due to Mulally behavioral biases and after turning things around in 2011 Ford had a profit of $7.8 billion, which was magnificent. William Ford the previous CEO said, Alan was the right choice to be CEO and it gets more right everyday. It was obvious that Ford was shaken up very well from top to bottom encountered to be stability biased. It took 24 months to make the whole market talk about Alan, Fords executives finally stopped making decisions based on what was best for their own careers and started trying to figure out what was best for the company as a whole. That was something that had never happened before in Dearborn and it was the key to Fords phenomenal resurgen ce, an automotive reporter Mr. Hoffman stated. He did not stop there; he had a technique for management and focused on cheaper, faster, lighter, and smaller products. The Eco Boost engine is the prefect example it is 1-liter, 3-cylinder, he brought aircraft-building discipline to the auto industry, nobody in the auto industry has an engine that can compete with the 3-cylinder Eco Boost Mr. Reinert a retired Toyota Engineer said. In addition, he lowered the labor cost from $76/hr to $55/hr after negotiation and agreement with United Auto Workers. He lived in Dearborn, Michigan three miles away from his office at the Fords global headquarter. The essential financial progress for Ford in the last 4 years while Mulally was the CEO till July 1st, 2014 are shown in the tables listed below. Initially, Ford had $-12,613 million net income in 2006; the following year it decreased to $-2,723 million. When the crisis occurred in 2008 Ford asked the government for the loan not because they needed the money but because other competitive companies might top Ford after the government loan. Ford didn't really need the funds, but asked to be included so it wouldn't suffer by competing with subsidized companies Amadeo as US economic expert mentioned. A new loan was started in 2010, but less than the first loan in 2006 by 40% because the dept. was decreased. As a result, the net income for Ford in 2011 reached pleasing digits even among competitors. The Financial Times Arcelor Mittal called Mulally Person of the Year, as well as the CEO of the year by The Financial Times and Chief Executive Magazine both awards in 2011. In the first table, starting in after the industry crisis 2010 we can see the stable increase in revenue, earning per share, and net income and the best digits are from the year 2011; $ 20,213 million in net income and 4.94 earning per share, and the best revenue was $146,917 million in 2013. From the second table we can notice the lowest total operation expenses was $11,545 million and not much higher for the following years. As of today, Ford share price is almost $16 per share, which is very promising. Mulallys approaches have led Ford for a new era since he started with Ford, He has brought Ford back to greatness and he has also developed the next generation of management Ford Chairman Bill Ford said. Part b Using the economic indicators, the outcome of behavioral bias has affected the financial health negatively; since, the financial sector has not been working accordingly. The returns on the financial sector has very been poor following that, the best brains were not the one managing finances. Huge sum of money has been stolen leading tote fall of the sector in the case of many organizations. When the financial leaders are bias, they will value their own welfare and forget the welfare of the other people who also need financial aid. The market share has been affected by the bias behavior because, the economy has fallen down due to mismanagement by inexperienced individuals who were not informed on how to handle stock exchange to better market share (Solomon Bamossy, 2013). Whenever there is bias, competition is too high and other companies end up taking better positions compared to the one that has bias in its management. With behavioral bias an organization will automatically fail in front of its competitors in the market who will employ the expertise technology thus, achieve the best outcome. When communication is effected in any organization and biasness kept aside the organization will prevail through all the challenges that may come on its way. References: Bryce, R. (2014). The secret to Alan Mulally's success at Ford. Retrieved from Dequech, D. (2011). Conflict and Cooperation: Institutional and Behavioral Economics. Review of Political Economy, 23(1), pp.152-153. Donlon, J. (2011, June 27). CEO of the Year Alan Mulally: The Road Ahead. Retrieved March 29, 2015, from https://chiefexecutive.net/ceo-of-the-year-alan-mulally-the-road-ahead Gabriel, J. (2014).Case Studies in Sustainability Management the oikos collection(Vol. 3). 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