The Inaugural Speech By Franklin D. Roosevelt - 1246 Words

Likewise with all speeches, there is a purpose behind it. In the event that it is a decent speech, there will bolster proof for its claims. At the point when contrasting three inaugural speeches given by Franklin D. Roosevelt, John F. Kennedy, and Barack Obama, we find that these chronicled moments accompanied a comparable basic purpose, which was to set an agenda for the fate of their presidency. President Roosevelt in his inaugural speech first realized the importance of his presidency, the speech and the US. He mentioned that the thing the US nation needs to fear is the fear itself. He further mentioned it as unreasoning, nameless and unjustified terror which constraints and paralyze the efforts needed to make retreat (Davis, 2014). The general purpose of the speech was to lead the nation to make advance against all the odds. The specific purpose of this speech was to communicate the agenda of presidency as this was the first speech by the president. The first inaugural was important because the US nation was at very difficult point, and this was due to crash of banking and financial markets occurred in 1929. This speech represents numerous excellent use of Rhetoric. His claim was that satisfaction is not reliant on money, and regardless of the financial circumstance that the nation was in they should figure out how to overcome it, as expressed in his speech. He has numerously used the word ‘we’ which patronizing tone to his speech. The assertion on the fears of people isShow MoreRelatedAmeric Essential American Document1356 Words   |  6 PagesThree stand out to me: Abraham Lincoln, Franklin D Roosevelt, and Susan B Anthony. Franklin D Roosevelt s â€Å"Four Freedoms† speech and â€Å"Request for Declaration of War on Japan†, Abraham Lincoln’s â€Å"Gettysburg Address† and â€Å"Second Inaugural Address†, and Susan B Anthony’s â€Å"Women’s Right to the Suffrage†. These five speeches changed America at the time to what we have and live by today. The first, of the five, is Franklin Delano Roosevelt s â€Å"Four Freedoms† speech. â€Å"In the future days, which we seek toRead MoreAmerican History : Essential American Documents1353 Words   |  6 PagesThree stand out to me: Abraham Lincoln, Franklin D Roosevelt, and Susan B Anthony. Franklin D Roosevelt s â€Å"Four Freedoms† speech and â€Å"Request for Declaration of War on Japan†, Abraham Lincoln’s â€Å"Gettysburg Address† and â€Å"Second Inaugural Address†, and Susan B Anthony’s â€Å"Women’s Right to the Suffrage†. These five speeches changed America at the time to what we have and live by today. The first, of the five, is Franklin Delano Roosevelt s â€Å"Four Freedoms† speech. â€Å"In the future days, which we seekRead MoreAmeric Essential American Document1356 Words   |  6 PagesThree stand out to me: Abraham Lincoln, Franklin D Roosevelt, and Susan B Anthony. Franklin D Roosevelt s â€Å"Four Freedoms† speech and â€Å"Request for Declaration of War on Japan†, Abraham Lincoln’s â€Å"Gettysburg Address† and â€Å"Second Inaugural Address†, and Susan B Anthony’s â€Å"Women’s Right to the Suffrage†. These five speeches changed America at the time to what we have and live by today. The first, of the five, is Franklin Delano Roosevelt s â€Å"Four Freedoms† speech. â€Å"In the future days, which we seek toRead MoreAnalysis of Franklin D Roosevelts First Inaugural Address Essay771 Words   |  4 PagesThe first inaugural address of Franklin D. Roosevelt was one that strove to lift the American people off their feet as the country entered some of its worst years during the Great Depression. One of Roosevelts strong advantages during his address was his ability to relate to the very real concerns of the everyday American citizens. With pressures of the failing economy facing the President-elect, he delivered this speech, addressing the nation about his plans for a New Deal. Roosevelt made his firstRead MoreFranklin Roosevelt (FDR) Essay850 Words   |  4 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s program of relief, recovery, and reform that aimed at solving the economic problems created by the Depre ssion of the 1930’s, was referred to as the New Deal. The Great Society was the name given to the domestic program of the U.S. president Lyndon B. Johnson. Both programs had similar yet opposing points. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Something had to be done about the banking system disintegration, andRead MoreEffects Of The Great Depression1329 Words   |  6 Pagesfailed over the next two years and nine million bank accounts disappeared. Hunger, unemployment, and poverty was a way of life for most Americans and workers lost their jobs. Almost thirteen million people became unemployed the year before Franklin D. Roosevelt took office. About two ­thirds of the people were living in poverty. A lot of families couldn’t afford things, causing consumer demand to decline. Families could no longer pay their rent and avoided purchasing things such as new clothing, newRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Franklin D. Roosevelt s Inauguration Speech1519 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis of Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Inauguration Speech October 24th 1929, Black Tuesday: The United States underwent the greatest economic downfall in American history. A decade long period in United States history known as the Great Depression. Fifteen million Americans went unemployed, half the country’s banks failed, and Wall Street lost billions of dollars. Devastated and hopeless, Americans searched for a resolution, a savior. In 1933, during the peak of the depression, Franklin Delano RooseveltRead MoreFranklin Roosevelt (FDR) Essay577 Words   |  3 Pagesthan his predecessors won the trust of millions of Americans who at one point had no hopes, and a future seemed unclear. His name was Franklin D. Roosevelt, a man whose willingness to build the economy of his country as the most powerful nation, brought admiration not only among his fellow American citizens, but the rest of the world’s. Franklin Delano Roosevelt was born on 1882 in Hyde Park, NY. Campobello, the Canadian Island which lies between Maine and Nova Scotia in the Bay of Fundy was theRead MorePresident Franklin D. Roosevelt And President Obama Essay1120 Words   |  5 Pagestakes office, it is the inauguration address that marks the beginning of their term. This formal speech marks the first time the President lays out his intentions as the leader of the country. The inaugural addresses often make promises to address the nations concerns and issues. Usually the addresses that have the greatest impact, are the ones most remembered. Consider President Franklin D. Roosevelt and President Barrack Obama, both of these Presidents gave strong inauguration addresses, howeverRead Moreap us history dbq1672 Words   |  7 PagesDepression EXCEPT: B.:-) He saw the Depression as akin to an act of nature, about which nothing could be done except to ride it out. 2.Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal program attempted or achieved all of the following EXCEPT C.:-) supported the creation of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation. 3.The â€Å"New Immigration† was made up primarily of D.:-) persons from Southern and Eastern Europe. 4.By â€Å"normalcy† President Warren G. Harding meant not only peace after the recent war but

Why Did I Choose Wuthering Heights Free Essays

1. WHY DID I CHOOSE THIS BOOK? Since I started to be interested in English literature, I had always heard about Wuthering Heights and Emily Brontà «. Everybody I met used to say that even thought it is a really complex novel, it is a must. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Did I Choose Wuthering Heights? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Likewise, I met many teachers whose devotion to this book was formidable; in terms of translation, literary criticism or just for the pleasure of reading, all of them coincided that it is a masterpiece. Due to all these facts, I looked for some information about it although it was useless, I could not understand the complicated plot just by means of an online summary, it was impossible. That is why I decided to buy this novel last summer. Even though I did not read it that summer, it was there, in my shelf, tantalizing me. Finally, I forgot it. In the early days of this semester, I discovered that for the new literature subject, we will have to choose a book and there it was, Wuthering Heights’ opportunity. Without any doubt, from the first moment, I knew that it would be my choice. Now, after reading and analyzing this classic, I can truly say that all its renown is worthy. So that, I do not regret about having chose this masterpiece. Moreover, if I have to write another ess ay, I will do it on Wuthering Heights again. 2. BIOGRAPHY OF THE AUTHOR Literature was in Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s blood. Emily was born in Yorkshire on July, 1818. She was the fifth child of Patrick Brontà «, an Irish priest, and Maria Branwell, poet and painter. Since Emily was a child, she used to enjoy reading and creating stories with her sisters. After many travels trough Europe, she discovered her own poetic talent. Joint with her sisters, Anne and Charlotte, they decided to publish a collection of their poetry in 1846. In order to evade all the problems that publishing a book being a woman provoked, they adopted pseudonyms but retaining the first letter of their fist names: Emily as Ellis Bell, Anne as Acton Bell and Charlotte as Currer Bell. Analyzing the style of our author, it is undeniable the influence of Wordsworth, Walter Scott and Byron on Emily’s poems. Of course, the fact that the three sisters were writers affected also her style. As a final point to Emily’s biography, I would like to make a connection with the next section, h er novel. Wuthering Heights was published almost a year before her death from tuberculosis at the age of thirty. 3. WUTHERING HEIGHTS: THE BOOK The context of this masterpiece takes us to the Victorian Age, and for a better understanding it should be convenient to understand the 19th-century fiction novels and the Victorian culture in which the novel was written and published. Novel became the most popular style in literature during the 19th-century in England. Most of the novels of the age were determined by the Gothic tradition, which marked these novels with the typical elements of the period such as a gloomy and ruined atmosphere or the supernatural. In the list of influenced novels, it is a must to mention, of course, Wuthering Heights and Jane Eyre by Charlotte Brontà «. Another issue to be taken into account is the Victorian’s archetypes. In culture, the Victorians were defined by their focussing in appearance and by leaving behind disagreeables topics. Social decorum had to be kept all the time. Published in 1847, Wuthering Heights was not a really welcome novel. Not too many readers gave an opportunity to the book. It was considered against the Victorian guidelines due to to its inappropriate plot. Even though the book’s narrative did not depicted any sexual nor blooded scenes, it was the topics of uncontrolled love and cruelty the ones which made the novel to be considered as disproportionated and improper for the age. However, after Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s death, the novel was reread and analyzed again by different generations of readers and that is when it started to be classified as a classic of the 19th century English literature. The storyline relates the life of Heathcliff, a mysterious character, from his childhood until his death. It is described his intense love with Catherine Earnshaw, her betrayal of h im and how his revenge perdures until the day of the narration. 4. CHARACTERS’ ANALYSIS In this section, the characters of the novel will be classified into different categories and analyzed. As a final part of the description, a brief interpretation of them will be added.4.1. The narratorsAs it is already known, Wuthering Heights is told by the use of multiple narrators. Although it is supposed to be the entire diary of Mr. Lockwood, it is interrupted by the use of reported speech by some characters, also the addition of written documents, such as Isabella’s letter or Catherine’s comments on her books. The embedded literature gives the reader a wide variety of opinions and points of view, although not all of them are believable. In this novel, we find two main narrators: Nelly Dean and Mr. Lockwood.Nelly Dean: As she grew up with Catherine Earnshaw and her brother, she is immersed in the story that she relates. In the time of the narration she is working as the housekeeper. As far a she is a passionate woman, her speech is infested of feelings. These feelings complicate her narration and sometimes they can alter it, that is the main reason why she is considered as an unreliable narrator in this novel. Mr. Lockwood: He started the story as a narrator, writing on his diary the moment when he arrived to Wuthering Heights. His narration conforms a complement to Nelly’s and both of them tell the plot of the book. Lockwood’s words are also considered as unreliable. The fact that he did not live the story from the beginning and his inexperience in love matters ensure that he is an untrustworthy narrator. All these facts are corroborated by Melissa Fegan, as she explains: The reader must wonder why Bronte deliberately constructed the narrative in such a way that the story is filtered through the two characters who seem least able to understand or empathize with it – two ‘unreliable’ narrators. An analysis of the characters of Nelly and Lockwood suggests we must look carefully at all the evidence they provide about other characters – and themselves -and fill in the gaps where their comprehension is at fault. The burden of interpretation lies firmly with the reader. (2008: 30).4.2. The first generationNotwithstanding the importance of the first generation, during the novel they do not play a crucial role, except from Joseph. So that, this section will be very concrete and straightforward. Mr and Mrs Earnshaw: They are the parents of Catherine and Hindley, the four of them live in Wuthering Heights. One day, Mr Earnshaw brought an orphan to love with them, Heathcliff. During the narration, it is undeniable Mr Earnshaw’ s preference for Heathcliff and the annoyance of Mrs Earnshaw. Mr and Mrs Linton: Thrushcross Grange’s owners and parents of Edgar and Isabella Linton. In the novel, they are depicted as well-mannered and wealthy people. They both raise up their children in good manners and as sophisticated people. After taking Catherine to their house, Mrs Linton tried to teach her as a refined young girl. Joseph: A servant at Wuthering Heights during the whole novel. Stevie Davies stated: He is a gnarled root of the novel’s authenticity. [†¦] He has always been there and he always will be, old as the hills, son of the Ancient of Days, with a mythic and timeless quality that does not conflict with his authenticity as a representative of the working class with its pride in hard graft and contempt for the affectations of gentility. (1994: 149).The importance of this character should not be underestimated. He has a strange power over the masters of Wuthering Heights.4.3. The second generationIn this section, the two principal characters will be presented: Catherine Earnshaw and Heathcliff. Even though Catherine and Heathcliff are the very principal, there are some others that also must be depicted for a better and correct understanding of the plot.Edgar Linton: He was Catherine’s husband. In the novel he is described as handsome, and young, and cheerful (Brontà «, 2012, p.84). These are the qualities why Catherine married him. Since he is a child, we can perceive his hate towards Heathcliff, as a response of the way he had been educated. In his personality we can feel a tendency to be cold and a strong feeling of unforgiving when his dignity is hurt. Isabella Linton: Edgar’s sister. She marries Heathcliff, but she didn’t evaluate it before. This act and some others show us the spirit of Isabella. She is a shallow minded and a bit foolish. I could say that she ruined her life by falling in love with Heathcliff. Finally, the horror of her relationship makes her to move out from Wuthering Heights. Hindley Earnshaw: He is Catherine’s brother. Since Heathcliff is brought to Wuthering Heights, Hindley tortures him due to the favoritism given by Mr Earnshaw towards Heathcliff. He abuses Heathcliff during the whole novel. He got married with Frances and had a son. The dead of this last one drives him into alcoholism and hopelessness. He is one of the personification of revenge and insanity in the novel. Heathcliff: An enigmatic and mysterious character since the beginning of the narration. An orphan child who is brought to Wuthering Heights by Mr Earnshaw. He fell in a profound love with Catherine, his â€Å"sister†, but she declined and married with Edgar. During the novel he is humiliated by almost everybody. Many critics coincide that: [Heathcliff]exemplifies the effects which a life of continued injustice and hard usage may produce on a naturally perverse, vindictive, and inexorable disposition. Carefully trained and kindly treated, the black gipsy-cub might possibly have been reared into a human being, but tyranny and ignorance made of him a mere demon. (Barker 1997, p. 203).As Baker states before and I completely agree, the behavior of Heathcliff was built up by all the characters who were evil with him. The truth is that it must be so difficult to be a kind person if everybody is hurting you. All this anger discharges in a final character, who is driven by rancor and during his adulthood looks for revenge. Catherine Earnshaw: The daughter of Mr and Mrs Earnshaw. She falls in a passionate love with Heathcliff, this love will determine all her life. She found herself reflected into Heathcliff, the fact that they grew up being together and together makes her think her that they belongs to each other, as it is in written in the book, [†¦]he’s more myself than I am. Whatever our souls are made of, his and mine are the same (p.87). Despite the fact that she loves him, her desire for social improvement and ambition made her to marry with Edgar Linton. Finally, this dispute between her wild love and her ambition brought misery to both of the men who loved her. How to cite Why Did I Choose Wuthering Heights?, Papers

Behavioral Economics Economics

Question: The assignment is as the following: Part a): Behavioral Economics Definition and Motivation: Define behavioral economics, behavioral biases, and counter-balancing strategies using Ross and/or Dan Lovallo Oliver Sibony terminology. Discuss the pros and cons that motivate corporations to be concerned about Behavioral Economics. Discuss positive and negative impacts on corporations of behavioral bias both on the part of CEO's as well as employees and unions by highlighting some examples. Similarly highlight pros and cons of corporations implementing counter-balancing strategies.?Part b): Strategic, Economic, Positioning Outcomes: Using 10-K or other validated financial, market share, or competitive positioning data, students will relate the outcome of behavioral bias and/or counter-balancing strategies to earnings per share in subsequent years using NPV and/or other economic indicators including changes in Financial Health, Cost of Capital, Capital Structure, and/or corporate Beta. As I read this section, I will reflect on the questions, are strategic impacts (e.g. bankruptcy/successful product launch/IPO; first-to-market successful product launch, market share gain/losses), economic outcomes (e.g. realized shareholder value gains/losses, financial ratio changes from five categories of financial health to include stock price, eps, dividends, etcetera), and competitive position (e.g. maintenance, improvement or loss in industry position) improved or deteriorated over the period being considered? Are the conclusions supported by the quantified evidence for the first corporation case? For the second corporation case? Answers: Part A Behavioral economics is defined as the principle that is used to boost participation on matters to do with the retirement saving plans. Behavioral limits have rationality that is useful to managers, when they want to understand the behavior of investors as well as when they want to exploit the stock price of organization. When the management on the other side is making decision that concerns the organization, they ought to keep away bias that may be taking place between them. The returns on invest will be high if biasness in the organizations behavior will be avoided at all costs. When business is avoided, the decisions will be made by the organization after analyzing the mistakes made. The right measure taken to ensure it is rectified as soon as possible to avoid negative effects to the organization. However, the source of bias behavior has been to be investigated and the management has the mandate to ensure that, behavioral bias no longer occurs again among them. Biasness can affec t the expertise of the management whereby, they are not in a good position of producing their best in their decision making process. According to Sibony Lovallo, the effective decision making biases are: Shaking up the visions view must be opposed in Pattern-Recognition biases. By identifying the hesitation, the Action- Oriented will be biased. In Stability Biases, offset when shifting things up. Making the Interest Biases obvious will make them disputed. Social Biases will be contradicted, when debate is depersonalizing. Usually, the human resources, the leverage, and the financial capital all joined to the supply chain of major enterprises in order to improve and develop the environmental and social accountabilities. For instance, civil and governments society always put pressure on major enterprises; enterprises are forced to function in complicated networks of supply chain relatives. However, it has to be in worldwide level, and tolerate with complex internal firms structures that are not responsive to decision- making procedures at all time. The behavioral economics is currently in the mainstream. It has moved beyond the neoclassical economic theory assumptions of a perfect rational market. The behavior economics is type of psychological, cognitive, emotional and social process that is linked with economic decision making procedure of the company. Behavioural economics explains why irrational decisions are taken and why the decision does not follow the economic models. Behavioral model has been typically integrated from neuroscience, micro economic and psychology theory. These behavior models include wide range of methods, fields and concepts. The study of behavioral economics involves how decisions are made in the market and how the public choice is influenced. There are three types of behavioral finances: Heuristics: Approximate rule of thumb decisions are taken by the customers instead of strict logical decisions. Framing: The mental emotional filters that are made by stereotypes and anecdotes of the customer depend upon understanding events. Market inefficiencies: The market inefficiencies involve non rational decision making and miss-pricing (Dequech, 2011). The behavioral biases are those errors or mistakes that occur by irrational mental process. Irrationality is common human behavioral habit that cannot be changed or avoided. The limited rationality can be defined as sequence of many emotional, cognitive biases. These also include unchecked heuristics, habits and reflexes. The psychology of customer minds shows that it sometimes driven away by the groups and society influences. It takes a contamination form and unable the customer to make rational analyses. Some examples of behavioral biases related to market anomalies are cognitive biases, emotional biases, and autopilot or reflexive biases. Cognitive biases further include: Individual biases that involve representativeness, anchoring, availability, unfounded beliefs, heuristic, memory flaws and logical fallacies and Collective biases that involves systematic dependence on social learning (Vesel and Klimov, 2014). Emotional biases further include: Individual biases that involve affect heuristic, loss aversion, hope and fear and over confidence and Collective biases involve herding and mimicry. Autopilot and reflexive biases that is beyond emotion and cognition include: Individual biases that involves addictions, habits, bad reflexes, compulsions and inertia and Collective biases involves taboos, rules and rites. Market anomalies involve mispricing, momentum, price clusters. The behavioral financing is recently emerging and it gives alternative approaches to classical finance definition of rational economy. The behavioral finance is concentrated towards cognitive and psychology science literatures to verify customer decision making that diverts from rational choices. Researchers have earlier focused on behavioral issues on investor biases, framing and heuristics effects. Counter balancing is defined as exposing individuals to various treatments of orders to make sure that such order effects and carry over effects gives equal experimental conditions (Medema, 2013). Rational thought is the best tactic that is employed in business to identify bias behavior, which is harmful to the organization at large (Kleas Wilkinson, 2012). The activities employees of a particular company indulge in are a way of bringing risks to their lives and health behavior comes out as a result. They are advised of ways of exercising their bodies to keep them fit for their jobs and have a reliable health at all time. When people are aware of the risk ahead they can easily take the right actions that will enable them to eat healthy meals and prevent diseases from attacking their bodies. Employees like the opportunity of enjoying all the meals that they need to eat but the problem is that too many options can overwhelm them leading to financial wastage on unnecessary things, which are of no benefit. When one wants to eat too much, he will end up spending too much on food whereas; the body requires up to a certain percentage of food intakes the rest is a waste. Employees ar e encouraged to have a good health through various encouragements but this does not necessarily mean that they will be healthy. Mark Hurd and Alan Mulally are the CEOs that will be debating their cases on how they have analogized the levels of behavioral biases and counter-balancing strategies. Presently, Mr. Hurd is Co-President, board member, and director ofOracle Corporation. From 2005 to 2010 Mark was the CEO of HP.2 Prior that Carly Fiorina was the CEO of HP; she was exiled because of her deficit while on duty. HP had several of financial dilemmas such as gaining profit of server and PCs market, which was an outcome of the essential decision for HP to buy Compaq, one of the computer manufacturers, in 2010. On the other hand, during the five years Hurd toke over Fiorinas position; a lot of development and have been made in HP. Purchasing EDS Electric Data Corp for $13 Billion, which made HP top IBM, was an important decisions (Takahashi 2010). Moreover, cutting of staffs salaries by 5%, and reducing workforce by 10%, then cutting 20% of his salary all of these are serious and affective changes (Essays, UK. 2013). Action oriented bias was implemented very well and effectively during the five years Mr. Hurd spend in HP. Therefore HPs performance was improved and back to c ompete progressively in the market in such short time. However, when speaking of the interest bias, we find out that HPs board has fired Mr. Hurd due to inappropriate use of HPs resources and lying about his personal relationship with a coworker. This decision taken by the board cost HP major losses billions of dollars in stock value, shareholders, and several lawsuits. After a deep investigations and going back and forth on why exactly the board fired Hurd the secret letter have leashed the truth and firing him was a valid decision. Hurd had done a lot of shaking up for HP, and there were mostly affective outcomes financially and hold a strong position among competitors in the market. A noticeable increase of HPs revenue occurs in 2005 going from 86,696 million to 126,033 million, as an example. In addition, in 2010 the net earnings per share became to $3.78 per share, which in the past before Hurd was in the picture the net earnings per share was $1. As shown in tables below: Yes, Mark clearly has been beneficial to HP and stability bias was countered by shaking every thing up as mentioned previously. HP compensation committee gave him a bonus and his salary increased as a reward. Jackson (2009) states that although H-P's performance has hit the wall in the past two years, Hurd's pay has dramatically increased. For 2008, Hurd's total compensation reached $43 million, whichmade him the fourth highest paid CEO in America for 2008. Hurd's total compensation increased 73% from his $25 million in 2007, even though H-P's stock price declined 29% in 2008. However, the result of getting Hurd out of HP after his relationship with fisher appeared in 2011, the earnings from operations have decreased by two billion dollars as well as 40 decreases in esp. from the previous year. Therefore, in order to keep the stock price up, increasing dividends per share was the best way as shown in the below table. The Ford Motor Companys CEO, Alan Mulally is the second case. William Ford grandson of Henry Ford was the CEO for ford but due to bankruptcy dilemma back then the Ford family decided on brining in new heritage to Ford. Since 2006 Mr. Mulally has changed a loft in ford and one of his primary rulings is to bring back the Taurus nameplate. He stated, I couldnt understand why the company previously has scrapped the Taurus, which had been one of the companys best sellers. Moreover, a major action Mulally have done was to make Ford to borrow $23.6 billion and having all of Fords assets to be mortgage. The main reason behind this is to protect the company from any crisis in the market or unforeseen occurrences. Everybody was surprised from his action, but now no one in the Ford family cannon give him credit for that, especially after automotive industry crisis happened in 2008-2009. Other competitors such as General Motor and Chrysler have asked the United State Congress and ask for governm ent loans, but Ford was financially stabled at the time. In addition, he encouraged and helped Ford to sell Jaguar and Land Rover for $2.3 billion to Tata-Motors and received $23 billion in debt with no regrets and better to focus on Ford products and brand. The losses for ford was decreased to 14.6 billion in 2008, due to Mulally behavioral biases and after turning things around in 2011 Ford had a profit of $7.8 billion, which was magnificent. William Ford the previous CEO said, Alan was the right choice to be CEO and it gets more right everyday. It was obvious that Ford was shaken up very well from top to bottom encountered to be stability biased. It took 24 months to make the whole market talk about Alan, Fords executives finally stopped making decisions based on what was best for their own careers and started trying to figure out what was best for the company as a whole. That was something that had never happened before in Dearborn and it was the key to Fords phenomenal resurgen ce, an automotive reporter Mr. Hoffman stated. He did not stop there; he had a technique for management and focused on cheaper, faster, lighter, and smaller products. The Eco Boost engine is the prefect example it is 1-liter, 3-cylinder, he brought aircraft-building discipline to the auto industry, nobody in the auto industry has an engine that can compete with the 3-cylinder Eco Boost Mr. Reinert a retired Toyota Engineer said. In addition, he lowered the labor cost from $76/hr to $55/hr after negotiation and agreement with United Auto Workers. He lived in Dearborn, Michigan three miles away from his office at the Fords global headquarter. The essential financial progress for Ford in the last 4 years while Mulally was the CEO till July 1st, 2014 are shown in the tables listed below. Initially, Ford had $-12,613 million net income in 2006; the following year it decreased to $-2,723 million. When the crisis occurred in 2008 Ford asked the government for the loan not because they needed the money but because other competitive companies might top Ford after the government loan. Ford didn't really need the funds, but asked to be included so it wouldn't suffer by competing with subsidized companies Amadeo as US economic expert mentioned. A new loan was started in 2010, but less than the first loan in 2006 by 40% because the dept. was decreased. As a result, the net income for Ford in 2011 reached pleasing digits even among competitors. The Financial Times Arcelor Mittal called Mulally Person of the Year, as well as the CEO of the year by The Financial Times and Chief Executive Magazine both awards in 2011. In the first table, starting in after the industry crisis 2010 we can see the stable increase in revenue, earning per share, and net income and the best digits are from the year 2011; $ 20,213 million in net income and 4.94 earning per share, and the best revenue was $146,917 million in 2013. From the second table we can notice the lowest total operation expenses was $11,545 million and not much higher for the following years. As of today, Ford share price is almost $16 per share, which is very promising. Mulallys approaches have led Ford for a new era since he started with Ford, He has brought Ford back to greatness and he has also developed the next generation of management Ford Chairman Bill Ford said. Part b Using the economic indicators, the outcome of behavioral bias has affected the financial health negatively; since, the financial sector has not been working accordingly. The returns on the financial sector has very been poor following that, the best brains were not the one managing finances. Huge sum of money has been stolen leading tote fall of the sector in the case of many organizations. When the financial leaders are bias, they will value their own welfare and forget the welfare of the other people who also need financial aid. The market share has been affected by the bias behavior because, the economy has fallen down due to mismanagement by inexperienced individuals who were not informed on how to handle stock exchange to better market share (Solomon Bamossy, 2013). Whenever there is bias, competition is too high and other companies end up taking better positions compared to the one that has bias in its management. With behavioral bias an organization will automatically fail in front of its competitors in the market who will employ the expertise technology thus, achieve the best outcome. When communication is effected in any organization and biasness kept aside the organization will prevail through all the challenges that may come on its way. References: Bryce, R. (2014). The secret to Alan Mulally's success at Ford. Retrieved from Dequech, D. (2011). Conflict and Cooperation: Institutional and Behavioral Economics. Review of Political Economy, 23(1), pp.152-153. Donlon, J. (2011, June 27). CEO of the Year Alan Mulally: The Road Ahead. Retrieved March 29, 2015, from https://chiefexecutive.net/ceo-of-the-year-alan-mulally-the-road-ahead Gabriel, J. (2014).Case Studies in Sustainability Management the oikos collection(Vol. 3). Sheffield: Greenleaf Publishing. https://fortune.com/2012/04/12/how-ford-bounced-back/ https://h30261.www3.hp.com/~/media/Files/H/HP-IR/documents/reports/2011/hewlett-packard-annual-report-final-pdf.pdf https://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/dl/free/0078112699/862163/Chapter01.pdf https://library.corporate-ir.net/library/71/710/71087/items/188196/05-10k.pdf https://mitsloan.mit.edu/newsroom/2006à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ mulcahy.php https://www.businessinsider.com/mark-hurd-jodie-fisher-hp-2011 12#ixzz35mCDm8GD%E2%80%9D https://www.detroitnews.com/article/20140521/OPINION01/305210010 https://www.usnews.com/news/bestà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ leaders/articles/2008/11/19/americasà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ bestà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ leadersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ annemulcahyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ xeroxà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ceo Kleas, M. Wilkinson, N. (2012). An Introduction to Behavioral Economics. Palgrave Macmillan; 2nd edition edition Managers and Managing Medema, S. (2013). The Tyranny of Utility: Behavioral Social Science and the Rise of Paternalism. History of Political Economy, 45(4), pp.755-757. Naughton, K. (2014). Ford Names Fields Its Next CEO as Heir to Mulally's Turnaround. Bloomberg.com. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-05-01/ford-names-fields-ceo-effective-july-1-saying-mulally-to-retire.html Solomon, M. Bamossy, G. (2013).Consumer Behavior: A European Perspective. Consumer Behaviour: A European Perspective The Case of Behavioral Strategy, Dan Lovallo and Olivier Sibony Vesel, D. and Klimov, K. (2014). Knowledge-based Economy vs. Creative Economy. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 141, pp.413-417.

Ways to Improve Readability of Your Essay

Ways to Improve Readability of Your Essay As a student, you will be required to write tons of essays, research papers, theses, and other documents. Your grade, of course, will be based on how well you write these papers, the flow of your thoughts, as well as the readability of your text. Use the tips below to help your essays stand out from the rest of the crowd: 1. Focus Apart from focusing on your reader (the lecturer/tutor/professor), you also need to ensure that your writing is highly focused of its core purpose. Ask yourself why you are writing the essay and what you expect from the reader. Then, after you’ve penned it down and run it through an essay checking software program, read it back to yourself. This way, you will be able to find out whether you achieved your goal of making the essay focused on the topic required. 2. Writing Design Next up, you should also design every essay you write in such a way that it fits in with the required format. Ordinarily, this means that you should start raising the readability of your text by ensuring that the content fits the theme, the question asked, and the course you are undertaking. Where possible, you should also add a couple of editing formats to make the text even more readable. A good example, in this case, is the use of quotation marks and indented paragraphs to refer to something written elsewhere or talked about by another scholar. Moving your narrative using direct quotes at certain strategic points in the essay will make the essay look better and more readable. 3. Paragraphs and Sentences You might also want to learn how to break up your paragraphs and sentences. By shorting the length of the sentences in your essay, the person reading it will have an easier time understanding what you are trying to get at. To achieve this feat, look for any joints in your long sentences. Then, break them up into 2 or 3 shorter, easily digestible sentences. Similarly, change any dependent clause in your essay to an independent clause. Of course, there will be natural relations between the overall length of the sentences you use and the paragraphs in your essay. After shortening your sentences, therefore, break the paragraphs up until they perfectly fit in with the altered rhythm of your essay. Similarly, try to minimize your use of semi-colons. Instead, add a period where you’d have placed the semi-colon. As long as the sentence following makes sense and relates to the entire paragraph, your essay should turn out perfectly. 4. Simplify It Last but not least, simplify your essay as much as possible. Although you might think that using difficult and complicated words will make you sound smart, your reader (who will be grading the essay) will not be suitably impressed. The long and complex terms you should use must be technical terms that you simply can’t change. The rest will only make your essay hard to read – perhaps even harder than it was for you to research the try meaning of the words. Conclusion Over and above everything, the more readable your essay, the higher the grade you will earn. Use the above-described tips to improve the readability of your essays going forward.

Thing to Consider When Planting A Norway Maple

Thing to Consider When Planting A Norway Maple Norway maple (Acer platanoides) was introduced by botanist John Bartram of Philadelphia from England to the U.S. in 1756. It has been planted on farms and in towns for its shade, hardiness, and adaptability to adverse conditions, which has ensured that the maple, when planted, would spread like wildfire. Because of this, and a variety of other negative factors, the Norway maple has earned itself the title of a Bad Tree, meaning its destruction is often sought out by city governments and concerned landscapers fearing that the large canopy of leaves this particular maple yields will block all other growth underneath it. However, there is a number of redeeming qualities to this type of trees such as its tolerance to multiple types of soil nutrients and climate conditions, its optimal fall foliage, and beautiful yellow flowers in the spring. Why Norway Maples Are Bad Trees The shallow, fibrous root system and dense shade of Norway maple make it virtually impossible for grass to grow under the tree, and the aggressive roots frequently girdle even the parent tree, ultimately choking itself to death, making it a bad tree if youre planning on growing anything else around it. Further, Norway maples are also non-native invasive exotic trees that have escaped the urban environment and is a threat to native maples because of its sun-blocking foliage. Norway maple populations overwhelm sites by displacing native trees, shrubs, and herbaceous understory plants, and once established, creating a canopy of dense shade that prevents regeneration of native seedlings; it is also thought to release root toxins that inhibit or prevent the growth of other plants. Norway maples also reproduce quickly, forming dense root systems in a matter of seasons that are nearly impossible to fully remove without killing the surrounding soil entirely. However, this isnt to say there are no redeeming qualities for this type of tree. Redeeming Features Norway maples are arguably among the most beautiful variety of maple tree currently in North America with rich yellow leaves in the fall under optimal conditions and lovely yellow flowers on leafless branches in the spring. These trees are also highly resistant to climate conditions and lack of nutrition in the soil and can grow almost anywhere as a result, which makes them great for planting on land that usually cannot support much greenery. Also, due to their nature of spreading rapidly, harvesting new trees for distribution is surprisingly easy- just replant one of its many roots and a new tree will begin growing in no time. Plus, Norway maples grow rather quickly and provide lots of shade, so they can be used to generate a quick, natural privacy fence for your property.

1984 Essays (1037 words) - Nineteen Eighty-Four, Ingsoc, Newspeak

1984 1. Biography George Orwell is the pen name of Eric Arthur Blair, a British writer with political conscience. He was born in India but educated in England at Eton College. He served the Indian Imperial Police in Burma from 1922 to 1927. In sick health, he returned to Europe to live in poverty as a struggling writer. Orwell joined the Republican forces in the Spanish civil war, and wrote a chilling account of this experience. He went on to write many books, mostly autobiographical, and achieved successes as a brilliant writer. 2. Synopsis The novel takes place in a theoretical and fictional dystopian totalitarian society. The story begins in London on April 4, 1984 after an atomic world war divides the world into three states. London is the capital of Oceania which is run by INGSOC(English Socialism). The controllers are called "The Party." The Party is divided into two sections, The Inner Party, and The Outer Party which are the "Rich" and the "middle-class." There is a third group of people called "The Proles," or "The Proletariat" which are the poor, and considered to be animals by the party. The main leader of this government is Big Brother. The novel is told in third person and partly first person, and is also divided into three parts. In the first part the main character and his conflicts with the world he lives in are revealed. Winston Smith is a bureaucrat who works for the government by altering history at the Ministry of Truth. He begins to ponder the reason things are so bad and commits a terrible crime. In the second part, he falls in love with Julia, and is taken in by a man named O'Brien, a member of the anti-party society called the Brotherhood. O'Brien turns out to be a true member of The Inner Party. Winston and Julia are captured and hauled off to the Ministry of Love (Minilove in Newspeak). Here, during the final part of the story, Winston is incarcerated and rehabilitated by The Party. O'Brien constantly tells Winston that Winston is crazy, and that he is trying to help him. During these sessions he reveals the true purposes of INGSOC. The party's goals can be summed up in their mottoes. "WAR IS PEACE, FREEDOM IS SLAVERY, and IGNORANCE IS STRENGTH(Orwell, 7)." 3. Theme Under the rule of INGSOC, members of The Party are engrossed in their work. It is essential that the government keeps its people happy in order to avoid rebellions and "thought crimes." Winston's greatest downfall springs from his only pleasure, his work. He found it easy to become lost in the intricacies of his duties guided only by the principles of INGSOC and his best estimate of what the Party wanted him to say. A typical task might include correcting an article in the Times, written entirely in Newspeak. In one instance he reviews an article which read: times 3.12.83 reporting bb dayorder doubleplusungood refs unpersons rewrite fullwise upsub antefiling(Dr. Tom Costa., 1). In Oldspeak (or standard English) this might be rendered: The reporting of Big Brother's Order for the Day in the Times of December 3rd 1983 is extremely unsatisfactory and makes references to nonexistent persons. Rewrite it in full and submit your draft to higher authority before filing(Dr. Tom Costa., 1). The ability of Winston to do this job can be accredited to the control of his government. Through the use of various techniques such as propaganda and the "Thought Police," Big Brother is able to not only brainwash his people, but also to reprogram them to love and serve him. 4. Structural Feature How does Orwell use distortion and irony to reveal the true motive of the IGNSOC government? By distorting the motive of a government into three elusively ironic statements, "WAR IS PEACE, FREEDOM IS SLAVERY, and IGNORANCE IS STRENGTH(Orwell, 7)." Orwell is able to convey the reality of IGNSOC's goals. "IGNORANCE IS STRENGTH" is the basic idea that ignorant people are content people. The Outer Party is kept ignorant because the truth is adjustable, and the Proles are kept content with ineffectual liberties such as love, sex, and families. "FREEDOM IS SLAVERY" breathes insecurity into the individualist. It implies that as an individual you will sink, as a

Exercise Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Exercise - Assignment Example Cognitive linguistics assumes that the interactions of human beings are mediated by the mental informational structures. This is to say that the human beings perceive things or ideas based on how the natural language presents them to the society. In principle, this notion implies that cognitive linguistics is not just a science of language rather it is an experience of the universe as presented by language. The second assumption is that the cognitive linguistic forms an unchangeable part of an innate aspect of the human cognitive awareness. This is to say that the part of the human mind which informs on other things also informs the same human being on the aspects of the natural language. In retrospect, the underlying principle and argument is that the cognitive part of the human brain informs the language patterns as well as other things in the human being (Lee, 2001). For instance, if a term has a specific meaning, it is innate in that form as presented by the language and the mental construction of the same word. Perspective in its aspect and broadest notion refers to an opinion or view which has no absolute meaning or implication. This is to say that a perspective varies from one person to the next based on the preferences of the person or individual inclinations which inspire the person to believe something and dispute others. According to the arguments and ideas put forth by Fillmore on case grammar, it conceptualizes that language is constructed and border within set semantics frames. This is to say that if a concept or a system of ideas is introduced in a text, then the other parts of the ideas would obviously and automatically fit in the text. Similarly, the flawed intuition was based on predicates, arguments and semantic frames. For instance, if a sentences such as Mark opened the opened today. Mark did open the lock using a key. The lock opened. All these three sentences have a

Surface and Interface States of Ga Compound Research Paper

Surface and Interface States of Ga Compound - Research Paper Example The paper discusses various issues related to the gallium compound semiconductors including both the interface and the surface properties. It discusses the formation of the surface state and the charges at the interface state when interfaced with various metals. Background Surface state: Intrinsic and extrinsic A considerable number of clean semiconductor surfaces show signs of both intrinsic and extrinsic surface states. Surface states of materials can be defined as the electronic states that are found at the material’s surface. Surface states are formed as a result of the sharp transition from solid materials that terminates with the surface. Surface states are usually found close to the surface in the atomic layer. The changes of the electronic band structure to vacuum from the bulk materials are caused by the surface material termination. After the termination of the surface material, a weakened potential is created at the surface which leads to the formation of new electr onic states know as the surface state [3]. The bands of the solid on the surface of semiconductor crystals get related to vacuum energy since it takes a considerable amount of energy to remove the electrons from the crystal to the vacuum. This due to the fact that the formation of crystal from far separate atoms lower the energy hence the high amount of energy involved in the electron removal. The chemical bonds at the surface of the crystal have their periodic pattern interrupted at the surface which in turn results into unsaturated bonds [1]. After the interruption, the unsaturated bonds then rearrange themselves through surface reconstruction which may be saturated by a layer of atoms. The re-arrangement of the saturated bonds results in changes in both the allowed energies and the surface crystal structure. The formation of surface states can be best described by Bloch’s Theorem which allows the wave vector function to be a complex number. In principle, an imaginary wave vector corresponds to a damped wave function which is exponential in nature. In perfect finite non physical crystal that does not experience periodicity violation and experiences a translational symmetrical break allowing wave vector with nonzero imaginary components [6]. With the conditions fulfilled, it can therefore be shown that the resulting states are localized at the surface. The energies of the formed states are located at the surface which forms a separate band of surface states. The number of atoms per area at the surface of a crystal greatly determines the number of surface states per area of the crystal. The number of states can however be compromised of states in the crystal without boundary would have contributed to the conduction bands or the valence bands [5]. In the case of intrinsic semiconductors, the number of filled surface states is equivalent to the number of electrons removed from the bulk valence band due to the change in neutrality. The filled surface state s are considered donor like states given that they have electrons that can be donated to the empty available states. Empty surfaces states on the other hand can be considered as acceptor like given that they have empty available surface states which can be occupied by electrons [3]. Intrinsic surface states Intrinsic surface

Baz Luhrmanns William Shakespeare Essay Essay Example for Free

Baz Luhrmanns William Shakespeare Essay Essay William Shakespeare is one of the greatest poet and playwright in history. He is famous for plays that reach the his audience emotionally even though most of them were written 500 plus years ago. One of William Shakespeare most famous play is Romeo and Juliet which has being adapted many times over the years into modern versions to fit in with the audiences taste. Good afternoon ladies and gentlemen, my name is Heitor Hilberto and I’m here to talk about Romeo and Juliet. Baz Luhrmans 1996 adaptation of the classical love story of Romeo and Juliet had a great impact to its vast audience leaving most in tears. The technical and film codes were used very affectively in Baz Luhrmans adaptation of Romeo and Juliet, it does this by the reconstruction of the films location to the busy location of Verona, the action camera shots were well timed and positioned, the characters where modernised to suit the setting of the beach by using bright colours in their clothing. The movie connected with the audience because it was set in a modern city that the story took place in the big Verona, the movie followed the same timeline of events as the original play but was much easier to understand because it was set in the 90s which it makes it easier for us to relate and understand the movie if it’s at least set in our century. They used very dramatic lighting to enhance the scenes which helped the camera crew get the best possible shots of the characters faces, costumes, movements and the locations also made the movie very exciting, creating great drama because they knew when to used soft and hard lighting to enhance the movie, some of the best scenes showing the camera shots would be the petrol station which used soft lighting but fast and concentrated camera shots to make the action intense and very fast passed. The party at the cablets house which used hard lighting to show the party was vibrant with very bright colours, exiting and vivid but the pool area scene lighting was very soft and used a romantic camera angles which just credited the lighting and concentrated to the characters face to show their emotions and their love for one another. The costumes where very stylish and made the film reach out to its audience both young and old, costumes and props are very important to Romeo and Juliet, ( lurhmans 1996 version ) costumes aren’t only make the characters look good and stylish, it enables viewers to make rationale judgements about the characters, looks and how they might fit in society very quickly, the costumes in the party scene at the cablets house shows how the costumes can show the characters role in the movie, for example Juliet was dressed as an angel to show that she was sweet and pure, but Mercutio was dressed as the devil because he is an evil and dangerous man. William Shakespeare is one of the greatest poets and play writer in history. Thank you for your time and patience today.

Chaucers Vivid Characters :: essays papers

Chaucers Vivid Characters Essay- Chaucer’s Vivid Characters Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales is so poignant that it almost single-handedly defines a whole epoch in history. It is the people living in the time period who define the era, and it was Chaucer who described the people living in the Middle Ages. Just describing a few people in an offhand way would not have had a profound impact. Chaucer’s writings did have impact because he characterized every social class using very vivid characters. Describing his characters with much vividness is key for that is what defines the way the reader feels about the character and the degree of power of association the reader makes with the character. Hence, the vividness of the character is directly proportional to how pointed his work is which creates the tone. Themes and proportions are tools Chaucer uses to create his tone. The more vivid the character is, the more pointed the message. For example, his writing is very vivid as to how ugly the Summoner is. Thus indicating Chaucer’s e xtreme dislike for what the Summoner represents. Through the use of literary tone, the characters of the Wife of Bath and the Summoner are described very vividly. Through The Wife of Bath, Chaucer gives an example of a freethinking individual. In regards to virginity, the Wife of Bath said, â€Å"advice is not commandment, no; He left the thing to our own judgment so.† This statement was very extraordinary for it’s time as it questioned the sanctimonious state of virginity. Moreover, the Wife of Bath is attributed with reasoning powers, which was probably not a common practice when portraying women in those times. The Wife of Bath gives an example of a character that is an independent thinker very much like Chaucer himself. Chaucer’s tone when describing the Wife of Bath was sensuous. Her face being fair with red hue and her buttocks large as she sat upon an ambler gives vivid impression of a tactile and visual nature. She had a bold face that coincides with her strong character. Not only does the tone conjure up pleasure; it also expresses mental thoughtfulness. It questions the church’s foundation of St. Peter’s ideas about virginity. Chaucer uses the Wife of Bath to indirectly express the church’s inconsistency in regards to the natural propagation of the human race and virginity. The Wife of Bath is honest. She feels no shame in ‘dancing the old dance of love’.

The Dragon Rises: China’s Growing Economy

China, both as a race and as a geographical place, is a something that the world cannot ignore. The size and population of the country is formidable, and as such, China’s recent economic reforms have called the attention of global market. In just a span of over two decades, China was able to turn its economy around and currently, stands among the world’s major economic forces. (Hui 2003) Its growth has been phenomenal and is still growing at an unprecedented pace. In the past twenty years, China has been able to increase its Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by four times, and now is recognized as a global economic power. China has quickly worked its way up in the global economic scene and currently stands in the sixth position of the top trading countries of the world. These events have also lead to the influx of foreign investors which leads to even more growth. (Pei 2007) Experts believe that China’s potential is as large and wide as its physical size and population. (Wanwen 2003) The ebbs and ties of China’s economy have been directly related to the sociological changes that it has been going through, particularly in its more recent history. As such, this paper intends to look at how these sociological events have been instrumental in creating the China that we know today and how its history as a nation continues to shape its people’s collective and individual destiny. In terms of our collective history, China has always been a major world presence, not just in terms of economy, but more so in terms of the legacies that the Chinese civilization has given to us. However, whatever presence that China has had over the course of its history has been obscured by internal conflicts and divisiveness which resulted in China falling to communist rule. Distracted by domestic conflicts and territorial disputes, China failed to keep pace with the Industrial Revolution that swept Europe during the 18th and 19th centuries. China fell too far behind and was unable to recover. When the last of its emperors fell, China was left to languish in the shadow of communism which was at its height during Mao Zedong’s rule. (Pei 2007) The failure of communism to provide a better life for the Chinese sowed the seeds of discontent. China’s communist government initiated a series socioeconomic policies that brought more suffering to the people, and an already stumbling country to its knees. Mao’s Great Leap Forward and Cultural Revolution left what is left of China in ruins. (Mackerras, 2001) After barely half a century of communism, China was ready for a change. When Zedong and his first-generation Chinese communist hardliners died, they were replaced by Deng Xiaoping, a more liberal ruler who laid the foundations for political and societal reforms, which in turn created an environment more conducive to economic growth. As a society, China was gradually emerging from its isolationist and repressive communist past with a government more cognizant of the need for change and openness. In 1979, after decades of isolation, China opened its doors to foreign investors. This was a turning point in the country’s economy. The tremendous size of China’s population, as well as its cheap labor costs made it a haven for production. (Wang 2003) Soon, other multinational businesses followed suit, realizing the cost-effectiveness of manufacturing in China, and the country never looked back since then. Of course, the act of opening China for foreign investments would not have been successful without the creation of more liberal policies that made China attractive to businesses. The government began laying the foundations that would encourage a more market-oriented economy, while maintaining a tight political structure that characterized its socialist orientation. Aside from allowing foreign business to operate in China, these social and economic reforms also included the privatization of agricultural lands. The change from communal farming to individual operations allowed farmers more freedom in so far as the production of their crops is concerned. Mackerras, 2001) More authority and responsibility were passed on from the central government to local officials, who in turn created an environment that encouraged backyard business to develop and flourish. (Wang 2003) Indeed, these massive and sweeping reforms have been successful in effecting the desired changes in China. However, Xiaoping and his followers have been keen to emphasize that the liberalization of society and economy as well as the easing of institutionalized control structures were done not so much to abandon socialism, but to improve it. Tianyu 2003) The Chinese, while eager to embrace change, is more reluctant to admit that socialism is wrong. In the end, the main goal of these reforms was to create a strong socialist country through democratization and modernization of society. The main tenet was that rather than struggle with the West, socialist China had better chances at proving its worth by cooperating with the West, through common economic interests. (Tianyu 2003) China was able to benefit from the initial attempts at reforms made by the European socialists, primarily the Soviet Union and Poland. Coming after their heels, China was able to learn from the mistakes their predecessors have made. China was able to maintain a strong centralized government, while allowing for the decentralization of economic functions. (Tianyu 2003) These societal and economic reforms continued unabated from the late 1970’s until the early 1990’s when China was ready to enter the second phase of its reform campaign. In 1993, Deng Xiaoping announced China’s main goal: that of becoming â€Å"a socialist market economy. † (qtd. n Wang 2003) After successfully laying down the necessary social and legal infrastructures for a free-market, China was now ready to stake its claim in the global market stage. The main characteristic of this second phase revolved around the gradual shift from a planned or constructed economy to one that is more spontaneous and free-flowing. (Wang 2003) Privately owned business flourished, alongside foreign businesses. The goal was to advance the gro wth and penetrate the global arena. In 2001, China marked a milestone with its acceptance in the World Trade Organization (WTO). Finally, the global recognition China has been yearning for has been given, and it was well worth the long wait. By 2003, the third wave of reforms was laid out, with the main goal of creating a stable socialist market economy by 2010 and a perfect socialist market economy by 2020. (qtd. in Wang 2003) The goals are indeed lofty, and while much still remains to be done, it is apparent that China is on the right track, based on the sustained growth the country has been experiencing as of late. Indeed, the social changes that have been put in effect in China have resulted in the economic growth and political power that the country enjoys in the world community. Had China remained a repressed and isolated society, it would still be trapped in the chaos and darkness of its communist past. Of course that is not to say that these changes did not come at a great price. Some sacrifices had to be made, and none of them were easy to do. The modern Chinese society that is modern and liberal was built upon the sacrifices of those who were willing to risk their lives in order to demand for change. Also, while the economy of China is generally healthy, it does not mean that every Chinese individual is experiencing this prosperity. These changes have also created an imbalance in society, where people in urbanized areas enjoying a better standard of living than people living in rural, undeveloped areas of the country. This inequality must be addressed by the Chinese government if it is to be successful in achieving the goals that it has set for itself. In the final analysis, the liberalization of China has been a long time coming. For so long it has languished under ineffective and cruel governments and an oppressive society that has no respect for the individual; a society that China has created for itself. Albeit belatedly, China has now come to its senses and has woken itself up. The winds of change have blown over this great country, awakening the dragon that has been sleeping for so long. For better or for worse, the rising of the dragon is completed and for China, there is no looking back. References Hui, Q. (2003). The Issues of the Chinese Economy Changing Tracks, Social Justice, and Democratization at the Turn of the Century. Chinese Economy, Volume 36, Number 2. pp. 21-89. Lin, Y. (2000). State and Markets under China’s Transformation: Rethinking China's Economic Transformation. Contemporary Sociology, Vol. 29, No. 4. pp. 608-613. Mackerras, C. (2001). The New Cambridge Handbook of Contemporary China. Cambridge University Press. Pei, M. (2007) Changing State-Society Relations in China. Retrieved on November 28, 2007 from http://www.ceibs.edu/ase/Documents/EuroChinaForum/minxin.htm Tianyu, C. (2003). The Theory and Practice of the Chinese Path. Chinese Economy, Volume 36, Number 4. pp. 67-98. Wang, J. (2003) China and the World Economy. CIEBS. Retrieved on November 28, 2007 from http://www.ceibs.edu/ase/Documents/EuroChinaForum/China's_Economy_World_files/frame.htm. Wanwen, C. (2003) Globalization and Economic Development. Chinese Economy, Volume 36, Number 1. pp. 48-88.

Slave Narratives

During the times of slavery many people opposed the thought of forcing someone to do everything they say, to own someone. They believed in the freedom of others and to treat everyone equally. There were many abolitionists and slave narratives who wanted their side of the story to be heard. Aunt Harriet Smith was a black woman from Homestead Texas and Aunt Phoebe Boyd from Dunnsville Virginia, both slave narratives. Aunt Harriet Smith was married to Jim Smith. They white folks killed her husband and she never knew why they would do such a thing, he was an honest man who went to church and always did what he was told (Soul, 2003).During one of her interviews Harriet was asked how long ago she could remember from her slave days, she could remember all the way back when she was thirteen years old. Harriet could successfully remember everyone’s names as well, all the white children, her owner, everyone of the slaves she was around, and people she came into contact with on a regular basis. Her owner had first purchased her grandmother and from then on owned the rest of her family from there on down. One thing she was extremely faithful to was church.They allowed the white people to go to church in the morning and the black people were allowed to go at night. They had a white preacher and he was always telling them to behave themselves. If the black slaves were to act up then the preacher would tell there owners and they would be punished. She believed that there was a God, and he would help them. The slaves were never taught to read and write, the only gossip they had was the stories they heard during church about slaves being mistreated.This was something all the slaves would talk about when they seen each other and were able to communicate and talk. Harriet said that the white people were good to them. Her owner never hurt any of them. Her owner treated her well and whenever her and her family would hear about slaves being mistreated it would shock them. The y felt bad for the slaves that were being abused. At one point in her interview she was asked why she went by Aunt Harriet Smith and she said by putting the word Aunt in front of her name was a sign of respect, and people respected her.During the Civil War, she could remember sitting with her two cousins on the white picket fence just watching the vehicles driving up and down the road. They loved the white picket fence and their owner didn’t care if they say there. They would watch the soldiers all day long walk up and down the road. One of the reasons they loved watching so much because all the soldiers were colored soldiers (Smith, 1941). During the whole interview Aunt Harriet Smith was very optimistic, she always hoped for the best and didn’t really have anything to say that was too negative.Even when she talked about her husband being killed, the only thing she kept talking about was how good of a man he was. She never turned the conversation into a negative one. Aunt Phoebe Boyd was also a slave narrative. She was very fond of the Lord and always believed that something better was coming. Smith, Harriet. â€Å"Voices from the Slavery Days. † The Liberty of Congress. N. p. , n. d. Web. 14 Oct. 2012. . Soul. â€Å"AFRICAN-AMERiCAN SLAVE: Aunt Harriet Smith On Church, Slavery & Punishment. † YouTube. YouTube, 24 Apr. 2009. Web. 14 Oct. 2012. .

10 Basic Chemistry Facts You Should Know

10 Basic Chemistry Facts You Should Know There are certain facts that every chemistry buff should know - how many of these fun and interesting facts do you already have stored in your brain? Test Your Knowledge With These 10 Chemistry Facts Chemistry is the study of matter and energy and the interactions between them. It is a physical science that is closely related to physics, which often shares the same definition.Chemistry traces its roots back to the ancient study of alchemy. Chemistry and alchemy are separate now, though alchemy still is practiced today.All matter is made up of the chemical elements, which are distinguished from each other by the numbers of protons they possess.The chemical elements are organized in order of increasing atomic number into the periodic table. The first element in the periodic table is hydrogen.Each element in the periodic table has a one or two-letter symbol. The only letter in the English alphabet not used on the periodic table is J. The letter q only appears in the symbol for the placeholder name for element 114, ununquadium, which has the symbol Uuq. When element 114 is officially discovered, it will be given a new name.At room temperature, there are only two liquid elements. Thes e are bromine and mercury. The IUPAC name for water, H2O, is dihydrogen monoxide.Most elements are metals and most metals are silver-colored or gray. The only non-silver metals are gold and copper.The discoverer of an element may give it a name. There are elements named for people (Mendelevium, Einsteinium), places (Californium, Americium) and other things.Although you may consider gold to be rare, there is enough gold in the Earths crust to cover the land surface of the planet knee-deep.

Poor Patient Care due to Nursing Shortage Leading to Professional, Research Paper

Poor Patient Care due to Nursing Shortage Leading to Professional, Ethical and Legal Issues - Research Paper Example This research will begin with the statement that in the healthcare setting, nurses are the important players in nourishing and rehabilitating an unhealthy, injured, diseased individual back to a normal and healthy individual, thereby enabling him/her to live a happy and successful life. The roles and duties of a nurse have also evolved with the changing face of nursing. Rather than becoming few, they have become many, with nurses increasingly taking up certain duties that were previously left to society. The development of nursing has also seen nurses evolve from general practitioners to highly specialized professionals, with areas of practice ranging from geriatric nursing to pediatric nursing. This has resulted in better patient care and higher patient survival rates. With the rapid development of human society and increasing health needs, this specialization across the nursing profession is bound to increase even more. However, there is another side to the above scenario. That is, due to the number of factors, there is sizable nursing shortage throughout the world including in the UK, and that is leading to poor patient care. Due to this shortage of nurses in healthcare settings, patients are put in a high risk condition, as they are not being given expected as well as adequate care leading to professional, ethical and legal issues Identification of the legal, professional and ethical issues A nurse will only â€Å"provide a structure of caring that can ultimately create an environment where†¦ a patient can begin a transition from victim to survivor† (Johnston 2006). Thus, if the shortage of nurses accentuates, the ‘structure’ will collapse, leading to a lot of trouble and risks. Shortage of nurses is being witnessed in many UK hospitals in the past few years, thereby placing NHS in a peril state. A shortage is happening because many hospitals have placed a freeze on the recruitment of new nurses and also axing currently functioning nurses as well. â€Å"Many hospitals have been axing nursing posts or imposing recruitment freezes since 2005 and 2006, having racked up huge debts. Official figures show 5,964 nursing posts have been axed in the past two years. † (Borland 2013). Shortage of nursing staff has a major detrimental impact on the quality of service of the hospital which directly impacts its reputation as well as on the hospital’s overall capacity to service (Buerhaus et al. 2007). More than the hospital’s image, the valuable lives of people are at stake. People come to a healthcare setting in an already compromised state, with both their physical as well as mental health in a will be in a weakened state. That is, as people visit hospitals, when their physical body is malfunctioning, diseased and injured, their physical strength and also their mental morale will be at an all-time low. Fig 1: (Borland 2013). Considering their state, it is of crucial importance for the healthcare profe ssionals particularly nurses, as said above, to provide them with apt care and ‘nurse’ back to health. (Gosling and Mintzberg 2003). However, when there is the shortage of nurses, all the patients may not be given apt and equal care, also may not be given quick care or care in times of need, and even deficient care. When this happens, many worst-case scenarios arise. â€Å"Recent documents, including the infamous Francis Report, have exposed a catalog of failings in the NHS, where patients have been neglected, poorly observed and physically abused. Findings detailed how patients were left unwashed; unable to eat and drink due to lack of help, and overall poorly managed in their final hours of need.† (The City Times).  

Art Management and Marketing assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Art Management and Marketing assignment - Essay Example However, owing to the fact that there have been recent dynamics and shifts in this industry, stakeholders have been compelled to undertake proper analysis in relation to the facets of the art industry in order to make sound decisions. This project focuses on a case study analysis of Baxter Theatre and its external and internal environments that affect its success either positively or negatively. Moreover, it focuses on a discussion of forecasted cashflow and income statement of the organisation as well as the financial risks it faces as it continues with its operations. In addition, the case study uses the SWOT analysis tool to analyse the company’s enviroment in terms of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. The organisation focuses on curation and facilitating performances such as overnight hotel collaboratives and residency performances as well as provision of a platform for university and high school students to produce films and engage them in networking for a period of approximately two months, thus improving their capacity to perform in the favorite art activities. The long term goal that the organisation aspires to achieve is to create a society where art is appresciated and perceived not as an altertanative means of income, but rather a pertinent aspect of social and economic development. This is to be achieved through capacity building by narturing talent of young artists at university and high school level while creating awareness in the society on the need to appreciate art. There are various external factors that directly or indirectly affect the success of the organisation towards achieving its mission, short-term and the long-term goals. This because of the inherent potential threats and challenges these factors can cause to the organisations. One of the major external factors affecting the success of the organisation is competition from other well established art organisations (Mark, 2011).

Exporting and Growth for Small Business Research Paper

Exporting and Growth for Small Business - Research Paper Example Wadia, a manufacturer of high end premium priced compact disk players in the United States faces a similar predicament as the prevailing market niche in the U.S for its products are unsustainable to run a small enterprising business in the industry. Wadia is therefore forced to go an extra mile in the foreign market and export its products. Currently Wadia ships 70 to 80 percent of its manufactured products. The international market has enabled the two companies sell their items at recommendable rates by increasing the economies of scale leading to a profitable venture with an advantage of expanding their market size (Hill, 2011). In a business setting that lacks exportation, Morgan Motors would be confined to its local market which is uneconomical in sustaining its productivity. Dependence on local sales would be disastrous as the company would lose its ready and large external market translating to a large decrease in sales and profits. Economies of scale would also be at their disadvantage. In a case where the company does not incorporate importation of its raw materials, they would not manage to produce their products as they import most of their raw materials. Alternatively, they may be forced to purchase all raw materials locally which would be expensive and not profitable in the long run as desirable sales are not met locally. Generally if a company like Morgan Motors does not engage in importation and exportation business, it would simply go bankrupt, get its assets frozen and shut down (Yager, 2009). There exist impediments to efficient exporting for companies like Morgan and Wadia as they may have the need to maximize on their capacity production but encounter difficulties in getting access to working capital loans for expanding their international market. In tackling this issue and improving their efficiency in production and market demands, these companies can approach banking institutions,

The issues facing duplicity in human nature in The Strange Case of Dr Essay

The issues facing duplicity in human nature in The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson - Essay Example â€Å"Dr Jekyll and Mr. Hyde perfectly captured some readers’ fears that their carefully built society was hypocritical.†4 Although the idea of man’s double nature—the good and the bad—has been a topic of countless discussions and debates for centuries, Stevenson presented it most vividly in a way that only fiction can.5 It can be said that it is even an allegory6 of a philosophical sense, illustrating what Stevenson might deem as the true nature of man. Some perceive it to be the epitome of Sigmund Freud’s concept of the subconscious—with Mr. Hyde being Dr. Jekyll’s â€Å"subconscious desire to be freed from his society’s restrictions.†7 While others view the novel as one of the first illustrations of the psychological illness that is termed split personality disorder, with the term alter ego (Mr, Hyde) popularized by Freud. Whatever the case, it cannot be denied that The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde sh ows, both then and now, the unquestionable duplicity of the nature of man manifested in the two sides of good and evil. For â€Å"the opposites embodied in the Jekyll/Hyde binary conform to late-Victorian ideas about the brain as a double organ,8† as it is still considered up to now. In this dark novel, Robert Louis Stevenson reveals the issues dealing with the duplicity of human nature. Through his mastery of syntax, constant change in point of view throughout the story, complex use of symbolism, supernatural writing style, and his usage of fear in the unknown, Stevenson shows what can happen if you let the evil inside take over. His example of this is the life of Dr. Henry Jekyll and his alter ego, Mr. Edward Hyde. This paper will discuss the aforementioned elements of the novel as it discusses the characteristic duplicity found in human nature. To further illustrate how Stevenson depicted the issues that come with the inherent characteristic of man’s duplicity, it is best to give a brief synopsis

PESTEL Analysis of Toyota

PESTEL Analysis of Toyota Toyota Motor Corporation was established in year 1937 by its founder Kiichiro Toyoda, headquartered in Toyota, Aichi, Japan. Its a part of Toyota Industries which diversified into automobiles. In 2009 Toyota Motor Corporation was declared as the largest automobile manufacturer in terms of sales and production in the world. It has more than 320,000 employees worldwide (Arkadi Borowski, 2010). It includes Toyota, Lexus, Daihatsu and Hino Motors. The product range of Toyota Motors Corporation is very large and includes cars, sport utility vehicles, trucks, electricity driven vehicles, crossovers and luxury-type vehicles. Its total revenues per year are more than 30 trillion Yen. Some of the key persons are Fujio Cho (Chairman), Katsuaki Watanabe (Vice Chariman) and Akio Toyoda (President). Importance of external environment analysis Often the external environment is the one which cannot be controlled by individual compared to internal environment. However, these factors are responsible for most of the decisions taken by the company and help in understanding the limiting factors. Without analysing the external environment it is difficult to draft a successful strategy (Michael A. Hitt, R. Duane Ireland Robert E. Hoskisson, 2009). Without proper analysis of competitors it would be difficult to craft a strategy to compete with them (Robert E. Hoskisson, Michael A. Hitt R. Duane Ireland, 2008). It is also necessary to understand the culture of the country in which the company is operating (Kip Becker, 2000). The kind of political stability and government ruling in a country is also a crucial factor in choosing the country (R. K. Singh, 2009). The key analysis areas would be the political condition of the country where the company is situated, the economic growth of the target market, technological factors, legal factors and ecological factors. These factors provide the overall impact of these factors on the company. These all factors in combination can be termed as microenvironment analysis. Justification of choice of analytical framework For analysis of the above environment issues and factors PESTEL framework can be used appropriately since PESTEL framework provides the overall impact of the external environment on the given company/firm. PESTEL framework which is complete in itself since starting from the Political to Economic to Sociological, Technological, Ecological and Legal aspects of any firm and hence analyses the overall macro environment for any company. External environment analysis: PESTEL Framework In the below analysis the PESTEL model is used to see the effect of various parameters mentioned below on the industry and their impact on Toyota with respect to the human resource policies of the company. This will help us to get better insight of the effect of these external parameters in crafting of human resource policies. Political: Political aspect of the framework consider the factors like trading policies, Funding grant and Initiatives, International pressure group, wars and conflicts, government policies, terrorism, political trends, government leadership and structure in which a company is dealing. Basically the political environment of the region in which company is dealing affects its policies a lot. Since due to recent economic downturns in which government in different nations played a major role in helping the companys to cope up with extreme economic situations. And for a company like Toyota which is operating in so many nations and has such a wide range of products that the political interference by the government becomes very important in such cases. The policies of the government and earnings of the bank also affect the macro environment due to which big impact comes on the company. Due to the US government intervention in the recruitment process of the companys who is advocating to provide more and more in house jobs so the company now have stopped hiring their manpower from home nation but hiring major portion of their manpower from the US for their US operations. Also they take into consideration the political dynamics of the country and avoid any issues that can generate from the already existing unhealthy political relations of the two countries like the company has operations both in India and Pakistan but they avoid relocation the employees of both the countries in the opposite countries. Economical: Economic aspect of the PESTEL environments investigates into all the external economic factors related with the company, impact of these factors on the company favorable or unfavorable. Economic analysis in PESTEL framework includes economic situations and trends in home country, economic trends overseas, taxation rules, market and trade cycle, disposable income of the customers, demand and supply effects, CPI, exchange rates, inflation rate etc. All these factors are very important to the company as they directly affect the revenues of the company. For most of the rising economies of the world Toyota is a pillar company since without Toyota in automobile industry it is not easy to develop the steel business, glass sector or plastic industry. Though Toyota at present is facing rising losses due to improper structure of some of their automotives which they have to recall in large numbers due to which company have to incur big losses from year 2007 till date. Economic factors have contributed maximum for the HR policy changes in Toyota and other forms as well. As with the recent recession which almost impacted the countries around the world, companies have changed themselves a lot so as to cope with the current situation in the marketplace. Economic factors such as customer demand, inflation rate, disposable income and GDP growth rate has a major impact on the HR policies of the company. Some of the major impacts of the economic factors are as follows: Recruitment policy: Since during economic slowdown demand for the companys product will reduce hence the demand will also reduce for the employees of the company. Hence the recruitment policy of Toyota also gets affected during the recent slowdown in the economy. Toyota minimised the input of employees they were hiring in previous years. Even the rewards and incentives suffered due to economical slowdown. Layoffs: There have been various cases in the past where the employees were laid off due to financial crisis in this industry (Jeremy W. Peters, 2005). Though at Toyota which is provides assurance to its employees that they will not be laid off until extreme conditions but due to the bad economic condition world-wide and the losses which company have incurred due to recall of various model of its cars they have to lay off the people who were performing reasonably good. Relocations of staff: During the economic crisis need for the efficiency of the employees get increased so the process of retraining and relocation get increased. At Toyota also during recession special training were provided to the employees to increase their productivity and due to limited number of staff employees were shifted from one place to other according to the requirement. Location choices: Human resource department of the company is also looking in to hiring more from the country and thus trying to take most of their work from the country which offers better export and import policies and where the overall cost is less which could be due to cheap available labour or raw material, tax concession and lesser tax rates offered. Sociological: Sociological parameters of the macro environment analysis of the company includes the consumer attitude and behaviour, media news, trends, diversity, education, lifestyle changes, demographic changes, ethical issues, employee attitude, management style etc. Toyota Company works as a part of the society as it employs millions of people directly and indirectly. Its various products have revolutionalized the society by changing trends in mobility world. Ethically Toyota motors is taken as one of the strongest company as despite of huge losses they have recalled some of their car models and have repaired many cars which were having minor defects at free of cost. Toyota understand that there are cultural differences in every country and it is reflected even in the way of working and hence they prefer to employ people of the same country as of the country in which there offices are located so that it is easier for the employees to adjust to the work cultural. Also, the avoid relocation of employees unless it is very essential. Technological: Technological aspect of the framework includes the competing technology development, research funding, replacement technologies, maturity of technology, information and communication, Innovations, research etc. The technological investments made by Toyota are huge and it has always being pioneer in technological field. It is always known for its innovation initiatives, replacement mechanisms, and research funding and other initiatives. The large investments which Toyota has made in technical field have increased the risk and uncertainties for the company. The technological environment is changing at a fast pace so the companies need to cope up with this change. Henceforth, more number of employees with the highly functional skills is required for coping up with those changes. Toyota also promoted various trainings among employees to abreast them with latest technological advances. Following are some of the HR policies changes which have been observed due to the changes in the technological factors: Numerical flexibility: Numerical flexibility refers to the flexibility in the workforce in term of number of workforce employed in the company. Due to the technological up gradation and automation of various operations the number f recruitments have decreased over the year. Most of the temporary workers or agents who were working at Toyota were released from their services at Toyota while some of the Toyotas real work force was downsized. Functional flexibility: It is a special skill with the employees of the company that they are functionally flexible and trained for multiple skills. Since such employees can be proved as of great importance to company at the time of crisis. At Toyota employees are trained more on job and they are trained for multiple skills and they are functionally flexible and can work different work whenever required. So during economic crisis the employees were made functionally flexible and were involved into many a functions. Ecological: Environmental aspect of the PESTEL analysis takes into accounts the ecological factors, environmental regulations, customer values etc. The environmental factor has big impact in case of Toyota as the Environmental factors especially customer values and regulation decide the fate of any business. Toyota has established many RD centres to make use of its infrastructure and human capital resource which is very crucial for Toyota. Toyota spends as much as $1.1 billion per hour for research and development purpose so as to improve the quality of technology in order to minimize their carbon foot prints. In order to encourage employees to conserve energy and minimize the wastages it started an initiative to reward the employees for doing so. This helped in establishing a culture where the employee became more aware and conscious about the environment and participated in saving it (Kathryn Tyler, 2006). Legal: Legal framework considers the factors like current legislations in the home market, future legislations, regulatory body and processes, employement laws etc. Toyota Company is subject to various legislations such as competition laws, intellectual property laws, consumer protection and taxation etc (Terry Halbert Elaine Ingulli, 2008). When the auto industry reached to development efforts were made so as to create a web of local suppliers that make possible to meet the growing legal requirements for the national integration of production. Toyota gives a lot of emphasis on whistle blower policy and has even drafted a document that explains the legal rights of the employee regarding this. They also have strict norms against sexual harassment and discrimination among employees on the basis of race, colour or nationality. They have outlined code of conducts for employees so that they do not violate any of these laws and are very strict on these especially after the Sayaka Kobayashi sexual harassment case in 2006. Conclusion: It is evident from the above analysis that the external environmental factor has a huge impact on the human resource policies of an organization especially in the case of the Toyota. Though Toyota always believe in consistent and fair HR practices providing clean and safe work place to employees but the impact of the recession which was a major economical factor was apparently observed even in the HR practices of the company. The company was always committed in providing stable employment to employees and rewarded with rapid promotion to skilful worker but due to recession and various other external factors Toyota reduced the number of new recruitments and was even forced to lay off the employees. The employees were asked to relocate and functional flexibility was demanded from them. Even the rewards were then depended on the profitability. The company is very serious about the environment and has initiated a go green mission where they give incentives to employees for minimising the wastage and saving the energy. They give a lot of emphasis on training and cross functional culture due to dynamism in technological advancements. They have very strict norms for unethical practices, sexual harassments and whistle blowing policy. Thus we can conclude that external environmental factor has a huge impact on the HR policies of a company and they are highly related as company has regularly addressed these problems by bringing changes in their policies.

Television’s Impact on its Viewers :: Television Media TV Essays

Television’s Impact on its Viewers   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Problems arise abundantly in almost every situation, and solutions are even more scarce. To find one great solution to a pressing problem of contemporary society is difficult, yet not impossible. Americans are plagued by the influences of television day in and day out. It is one of the main constants in many individuals lives, while grabbing the attention of families in ninety-eight percent of America’s homes and is kept on for an average of six and a half hours every day (Cheney 2). Perhaps there isn’t a problem so much in the fact that so many people have this mysterious box on for periods of time, but rather the problem lies in the way the viewer interprets the program that is being presented to them. How much control does the viewer really have over what programs they watch and when? How can a viewer monitor their viewing as well as their children’s in a manner that will benefit them both? And what is the solution for those wh o watch television for hours on end, giving up employment, schooling and other important duties? These questions will be addressed throughout the course of this paper, along with the best possible solutions that I have conjured up for such a controversial topic.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Television has become nearly unavoidable and American society is more affected by television than they realize. According to Nielsen Media Research, the average TV household in the United States now owns two sets, which are watched just over 30 hours every week by the typical American adult (Mahler 12). American society is more affected by television than is realized. Television offers thin slices of the real word, becoming a version of reality that is created by numerous components from mechanical parts to people, making up the medium of television. Because what is heard and seen on TV is a lot like what is experienced in real life, it’s easily and unconsciously assumed that what is on television- the sex, the violence, the commercials, the cartoons- is real, true, or normal. Viewers must realize the difference inbetween the fiction of TV and the reality of their own lives.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The term â€Å"couch potato† has been coined for those who sit around and watch television all day. Rutgers researcher Robert Kubey is one of the many academics troubled by the trend of excessive television viewing. Television’s Impact on its Viewers :: Television Media TV Essays Television’s Impact on its Viewers   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Problems arise abundantly in almost every situation, and solutions are even more scarce. To find one great solution to a pressing problem of contemporary society is difficult, yet not impossible. Americans are plagued by the influences of television day in and day out. It is one of the main constants in many individuals lives, while grabbing the attention of families in ninety-eight percent of America’s homes and is kept on for an average of six and a half hours every day (Cheney 2). Perhaps there isn’t a problem so much in the fact that so many people have this mysterious box on for periods of time, but rather the problem lies in the way the viewer interprets the program that is being presented to them. How much control does the viewer really have over what programs they watch and when? How can a viewer monitor their viewing as well as their children’s in a manner that will benefit them both? And what is the solution for those wh o watch television for hours on end, giving up employment, schooling and other important duties? These questions will be addressed throughout the course of this paper, along with the best possible solutions that I have conjured up for such a controversial topic.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Television has become nearly unavoidable and American society is more affected by television than they realize. According to Nielsen Media Research, the average TV household in the United States now owns two sets, which are watched just over 30 hours every week by the typical American adult (Mahler 12). American society is more affected by television than is realized. Television offers thin slices of the real word, becoming a version of reality that is created by numerous components from mechanical parts to people, making up the medium of television. Because what is heard and seen on TV is a lot like what is experienced in real life, it’s easily and unconsciously assumed that what is on television- the sex, the violence, the commercials, the cartoons- is real, true, or normal. Viewers must realize the difference inbetween the fiction of TV and the reality of their own lives.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The term â€Å"couch potato† has been coined for those who sit around and watch television all day. Rutgers researcher Robert Kubey is one of the many academics troubled by the trend of excessive television viewing.